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Immune System, Responds to all pathogens the same way, Cells that ingest…

- - - - Blocks Microbes from entering
    - - Traps Microbes
  - - - Mast Cells search for suspicious objects and releases histamine when they find them
    - - Can travel anywhere except the central nervous system, the brain, and the spinal cord
      - Can make the capillaries create a gap between its cells which it can travel through a process called diapedesis (oozing through)
    - - Histamine causes inflammation and brings in white blood cells
  - - - move around the bloodstream
      - Once it kills an invading microbe they die and collect into puss
    - - doesn't travel a lot they usually protect various organs
      - They can kill invading microbes and can detect if one of the body’s cells has gone rouge
      - Can eat up to 100 microbes before they die
    - - Destroys other human cells
      - When cells are infected with a virus, they stop producing protein. When a natural killer finds that cell it binds with it and secretes an enzyme that can dissolve its membrane
- - - - Form in bone marrow
      - Migrate and mature to the thymus gland
      - Helper T cells
        
        can’t kill pathogens but they activate and direct the cells that can
        
        Gets information from other cells
        
        Can make tons of copies of itself
        
        Some are effector T cells that go around stimulating other lymphocytes
        
        Some are memory T cells that keep a record of the intruder and provide future immunity against it
      - Cytotoxic T Cells
        
        Gets alerted by helper T cells
        
        Find the cell presenting antigens
        
        Latches onto it and releases enzymes that eventually breaks down the whole cell and the pathogen that infected it
    - - Originate and mature in the bone marrow
      - Covered in antibodies that can detect and bind to a specific antigen
      - When a B cell finds a pathogen it attaches itself to it and clones itself into plasma cells and memory cells
        
        Plasma cells
        
        Creates antibodies for a specific pathogen
        
        The antibodies bind the pathogens and mark them until the phagocytes arrive
        
        Memory cells
        
        They have the same receptor and provide future immunity from the pathogen