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SOFT & HARD MAGNETIC MATERIAL - Coggle Diagram
SOFT & HARD MAGNETIC MATERIAL
Ferromagnetic material:
i) Soft material
ii) Hard material
When they are placed under external magnetic field, the area under hysteresis loop will quantify them as soft or hard magnetic material.
Hard magnetic material shows low initial permeability and high coercive force and in contrast with soft magnetic material that has high initial permeability and low coercive force
Simple analytic model that describe hysteresis. This model, uniformly magnetized ellipsoid with uniaxial anisotropy of shape or magneto crystalline origin
Energy density
Variation of Hysteresis Loop
Hysteresis loop for random orientation
Soft magnetic material
Easy to magnetize and demagnetize
Rapid changing of magnetism to applied ac field
Low retentivity
Low coercivity and high permeability
High magnetic saturation and low hysteresis losses because of the lesser area of hysteresis loop
Example:
Si-steel/ Soft Iron/ Fe-Si alloy
Fe-Ni alloy
Different between Hard and Soft Magnetic Material
Hard magnetic material
Called as permanent magnet material
High retentivity and high coercivity
High permeability and high magnetic saturation
High curie point or temperature
High hysteresis losses due to the large area of the hysteresis loop
Example:
Carbon steel.
Tungsten steel.
AlNiCo
Ba-ferrite
Remalloy
Cunite( Cu, Ni, Co)
