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Diagnosis of infertility in cows, Ong Siew Zee D17A0049 - Coggle Diagram
Diagnosis of infertility in cows
Breeding history
should available for each of the cow
including oestrus, service dates, date of parturition, complications, previous treatments and medications as well as condition of the calf.
Breeding efficiency
is measured by the number of services per conception and non-return percentages.
the number of repeat breeders should not exceed 10% of the herd.
high non-return percentage suggests many early embryonic death or repeat breeders.
Laboratory examination
Uterine cultures
collect uterine swabs for culture to determine the presence of pathogenic organisms in the uterus and their sensitivity to antibiotics.
Uterine biopsies
collect for histopathological examination to confirm the presence of endometritis, which can cause by poor sanitation, contamination at time of parturition.
Blood samples
include haemoglobin, protein, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin A to detect nutritional deficiencies or previous disease conditions.
serological examination - to detect certain infectious disease such as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea.
mostly used to detect the etiology of the infertility
Feeding and management history
Clinical signs of salpingitis, metritis, pyometra, cervicitis or vaginitis.
Ong Siew Zee D17A0049