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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT :fire: - Coggle Diagram
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT :fire:
Trend of R&D Expenditure World Wide :check:
R&D has a special economic significance
Advantages
Reduce the reliance of imported technology
Increase competitive of the country
Produce more professional personnel whose are attached to the latest technology
Improve living standards
Surveys for foreign company that invest in US
R&D facilities indicate that accessing or acquiring technologies that complement their own technologies capabilities and advantage has played an important growing role in their decisions
Trend in the Ratio of R&D Expenditure
to GDP is from 1.9% to 3.4% such as Japan, US, German and France
Science and Technology development in Malaysia
MTDC is a venture cpital for Government and private sector
Manufacturing sector is the main engine of economic growth
Trend of Patent Registration Worldwide :check:
A right granted to anyone who invents or
discovers any new and useful process, machine, article, or manufacture
Advantages
Prestigious
Easy Publication
Licensing possibilities
Recoup money spent on R&D
Commercial advantage over competitors
Example of patentable subject matter
Machine — screwdriver
Compositions — new drugs
Methods of Treatment
Business Methods
Trend
Patenting activity is a useful indicator of R&D
output and technical change overtime
they are available over a long period of time and can be broken down to statically
Building Innovation Community :check:
Annual Expenditures
Collaboration research with Industry
Innovation Assistance
S&T information
Incubators
Spin-off
Towards Entrepreneurial R&D Explaination :check:
Staff revenue from intellect property (IP)
Bonus from joint ventures
Spin-Off Assistance (Training)
Staff can take equity
Organization cn take equity