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Hypothyroidism in dogs, NAME: NURDIANA BINTI AB HALIM
MATRIC NO.:…
Hypothyroidism in dogs
Clinical signs
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- Lethargy and exercise intolerance
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- Seborrhea or dry, scaly skin
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- Bilateral truncal alopecia with hyperpigmentation
- Skin and ear infections such as Malassezia dermatitis, pyoderma, otitis externa and comedones.
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- Reproductive abnormalities like infertility in bitches in severe hypothyroidism
- Ocular abnormalities includes corneal lipid dystrophy, corneal ulcers and anterior uveitis
Treatment
- Levothyroxine for the treatment of hypothyroidism
- Administration of the drug at 0.02mg/kg once daily per oral by liquid or tablet
- Initial dosage should be decreased to 0.005mg/kg if the dog has concurrent diabetes mellitus, hypoadrenocorticism, renal failure, hepatic insufficiency or congestive heart failure.
Types of hypothyroidism
Primary hypothyroidism
- Due immune-mediated lymphocytic thyroiditis or idiopathic follicular atrophy
Secondary hypothyroidism
-Deficiency in secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Tertiary hypothyroidism
-Deficiency in secretion of hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
Congenital hypothyroidism
-Rare disorder resulting from any of a number of defects in hormone sysnthesis, TSH secretion or iodine deficiency
Diagnosis
Serum total T4
-Serum T4 is below the normal range in 90% of the hypothyroid dogs
Serum free T4 concentration test
-Most accurate single test for diagnosing hypothyroidism
and be mesured in equilibrium assay
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation test
-Evaluates the response of the thyroid gland to administration of exogenous TSH.
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