Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Population - SOTA Year 2 - Coggle Diagram
Population - SOTA Year 2
Population meaning
Change in population size
When there is no change, it is known as "zero population growth"
Population growth
Slow/gradual
Moderate
Rapid
Birth & Death rates
Birth rate
Death rate
Natural increases
Rate of natural increase
Population distribution
The number of people spread out over an area of land
Factors that influence population distribution
Physical environment
Level of technology
Population density
Number of people living in a unit of land
Singapore's population density
7615 people per sq km
Formula
Total number of people divide total land area
High population density
Physical environment
Singapore - the climate is not harsh
Bangladesh - abundant supply of fertile land
Level of technology
Singapore - well developed transport and communication facilities
Bangladesh - improvements have increased the supply of water to homes and farms
Other factors
Singapore - there is a high level of development with various economic activities
e.g. manufactoring
e.g. tourism
Low population density
Physical environment
Greenland - the climate is harsh and cold
Nepal - there are high mountains and infertile soil
PNG - there are large areas of thick rainforest
Level of technology
Greenland & PNG - there are limited medical facilities
Greenland & PNG - transport and communication facilities are not well developed
Nepal - amenities are not widely available
e.g. electrical supply
e.g. piped water supply
Other factors
Greenland - the place is isolated from the rest of the world
Nepal & PNG - there is a low level of economic development
Few jobs are available
Population pyramid
A graph that shows the percentage of people in different age groups
Shows the population of males and females in a place
Also known as the Age - Sex pyramid
The graph
Females on the right
Males on the left
Sections
Age 0-14
Young dependent
Age 15-64
Working population
Age 65+
Elderly/old dependent
Shape
Triangular shaped (broad base)
Less developed countries
e.g. Mali/Niger/Ethiopia
Broad base - high birth rate
Narrow apex - lower life expectancy
Rectangular
Developed countries
e.g. Sweden/New Zealand/China
Narrow base - low birth rate
Broad apex - higher life expectancy
Beehive
Developed countries
e.g. Japan/France/Finland
Beehive shapes - low birth rate
Narrow base - low birth rate
Broad apex - higher life expectancy
Terms to note
Life expectancy
Infant motility rate
Causes of high rate of population growth
A low birth rate and high death rate
Factors leading to a low death rate
Better medical and health care
Better hygiene
Factors leading to high birth rate
Lack of family planning
Early marriages
Preference for sons
Deep rooted traditional beliefs/Religious beliefs
Need for farm labour
Consequences of high rate of population growth
Higher demand for resources
Higher demand for housing
Higher demand for education
Higher demand for jobs
Environmental problems
Measures to control high rate of population growth
Education on family planning
Incentives & Penalities
Reasons for rapid population growth
Number of births exceed number of deaths
Better medical and health care
Advancement in technology
Low rate of population growth
Slowest population growth is experienced in developed countries
e.g. Japan
e.g. United Kingdom (UK)
Factors that lead to a low death rate
Higher standards of hygiene
Better nutrition
Better medical and health care
Factors that lead to a low death rate
Later marriages
Fewer marriages
Preference for smaller family size
Consequences of low rate of population growth
Ageing population
Higher taxes
Smaller talent pool
Manage a low rate of population growth
Encourage marriage and child bearing
Meeting the needs of the elderly
Building special facilities
Helping the elderly keep healthy
Encouraging families to look after the elderly
Extending working life
Encouraging financial planning