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Chapter 5: Traffic Safety - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 5: Traffic Safety
Road Safety Interventions
Motorcycle Safety Plan
Ways to Reduce Accident
Conspicuity
:check:running headlights at all times
:check:usage of reflective steps
Injury Control
:check:new helmet standard
:check:campaign (proper use of helmet)
Road & Traffic Factors
:check:exclusive lane policy on new roads
:check:safety audits on blackspots
Exposure Control
:check:campaign
:check:implementation of provisional licenses
Behavioural Modification
:check:speed traps at high risk areas
:check:road blocks
Trauma Management
:check:stabilisation of patient
:check:extensive rehabilitation services
Contributing Factors of Accident
Bad habits and behaviour
Lack of stability
Lack of conspicuity
Less forgiving road conditions
'3E': Solution for Road Accidents
Enforcement
:check:speed limit on all roads
:check:enforcing speed traps
:check:install automated cameras
Engineering
:check:improved geometric design
:check:improved road signs
:check:greater discernability of heavy vehicles
Education
:check:campaign; Road Safety Campaign :check:driving training courses
:check:safety programmes for elderly
Road Accident
Definition
:check:a multi factor event always preceded by a situation in which road users failed to cope with their environment
:check:resulting in collision or crash
Contributory Factors
Environment (28%)
Adverse environment; slippery road
Inadequate road features; poor street lighting
Adverse road sign; poor visibility
Unexpected obstruction; roadworks
Vehicle (8%)
Lack of regular maintenance; defective brakes/tyre blowouts
Human (95%)
Lack of skills; inexperience
Wrongful manner of executions; deficiency in actions
Perceptual errors; distraction
Road Safety Audit
Stages
Stage 3: Detailed Design
Stage 4: Pre-opening
Stage 2: Draft Design
Stage 5: Existing Road
Stage 1: Feasibility & Planning
Advantages
Promote awareness
Integrate multimodal safety concerns
Reduce cost by identifying issues and fixing them before road construction
Considering human factor in design
Produce designs for road safety
Objectives
Ensure the safety requirements of all road users considered in planning
Reduce overall 'through life' costs of road project
Identification of hazardous features
Identification of potential safety hazard
RSA of Road
:check:vertical & horizontal alignment
:check:cross-section intersection
:check:expressways & interchanges
:check:traffic signals & street lighting installations
:check:traffic signing; pavement marking
:check:roadside safety & landscaping
:check:general traffic management items