Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Effects of high blood pressure on kidney - Coggle Diagram
Effects of high blood pressure on kidney
How?
ls High blood pressure can damage blood vessels by causing & weaken the vessel wall
It decrease the GFR-fluid retension-hypertension-renal damage
When blood vessels damaged, the nephrons that filter the blood don't receive oxygen & nutrients they need to function
High blood pressure can cause arteries around the kidney to narrow,weaken or harder
Symptoms
Blood in the urine
pain in abdomen
Urine irregularity
Swelling or shortness of breath
Change in urine color
Urine Odor
Anatomy of the urinary system
Kidneys
Filter blood, reabsorb essential substance( water, sugar, salts) & excrete waste in the form of urine
Ureters
Tubes that carry urine to the bladder
Bladder
Muscular sac that holds urine temporarily. contains sphincters that holds the urine until pressure increase.
Urethra
After voluntary relaxation of the sphincter muscle, urine passes from bladder, through the urethra and the urinary meatus out of the body
General functions of urine system
Removing waste products from bloodstream
Storage of urine
Excretion of urine
Blood volume regulation
Remove waste products and medicine from the body
Regulation of erythrocyte production
Balance the body's fluid
Help with bone health by controlling calcium and phosphorus
Structure of a nephron
Glomerulus
It is formed by the invagination of a tuft of capillaries into dilated. Blind end of the nephron, the capillaries are supplied by an “Afferent arteriole & drained by a smaller Efferent arteriole
Bowman's capsule
It has two layers, Visceral and parietal, each lined by flattened epithelial cell
Proximal convoluted tubule
The blood brought by the renal artery is filtered by the glomerulus and then passed to the PCT. Maximum reabsorption takes place in PCT of the nephron
Loop of henle
The descending limb is permeable to water but impermeable to an electrolyte, while the ascending limb is permeable to electrolytes but impermeable to water
Disal convoluted tubule
The DCT, which is the last part of the nephron, connects and empties its contents into collecting ducts that line the medullary pyramids
The filtration, reasbsorption and secretion molecules in specific areas of the nephron
The filtration:- pressure forces water & dissolved substance from glomerular blood in to bowmans's capsule
Reabsorption:- the return of substance from the filtrate to the blood & interstitial fluid. water by osmosis, Na CI, glucose & amino acid by active transport
Secretion:- the active release of substance by the tubular lining cell in to the nephron tubule. it get rid of toxins & residues, electrolyte balance
General information on osteoporosis, DM II, and hypertension.
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by a decrease in the density of bone, decreasing its strength and resulting in fragile bones
Symptoms include back pain caused by fractured & a stooped posture
Fractures across the stage of chronic kidney disease could be due to osteoporosis.
DM II
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition that affects the way your body metabolizes sugar
Symptoms are increasing thirst, frequent urination, increased hunger, blurred vision and frequent infections.
Diabetes can cause damage to blood vessel clusters in your kidneys that filter waste from your blood & this can lead to kidney damage.
Hypertension
High blood pressure is a long term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.
Symptom includes obstructive sleep apnea, kidney problems. & thyroid problems.
High blood pressure can cause further kidney damage by increasing the pressure in the delicate filtering system