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cortisol - Coggle Diagram
cortisol
Carbohydrate metabolism.
Hyperglycemic hormone:- increases blood glucose level
Excess
cortisol
As therapeutic agent may lead to exhaustion of beta cells of
pancreas
Cortisol
deficiency
Hypoglycemia, increased sensitivity to insulin and marked
decrease in liver glycogen.
• Decreases the peripheral utilization of glucose (except heart and brain)
• Increases gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis in liver
• Mobilizes amino acids from muscle and bones
• Causes lipolysis in adipose tissues,
making available free fatty acids and glycerol
fat metabolism.
Cortisol causes
lipolysis
in adipose tissue
Cortisol also causes
redistribution of fat
with characteristic centripetal distribution that is seen in Cushing’s syndrome
Protein metabolism.
Cortisol enhances the
release of amino acids
from proteins in
skeletal muscle and bone matrix
Cortisol also have an
anti-anabolic
effect as they inhibit protein
synthesis.
In
large doses
it enhances the protein breakdown especially in the lymphoid
tissue muscles and bones.
Leading to decreased immunity
Muscular weakness
Weight loss
Retardation of growth
Thinning of skin
Osteoporosis
Electrolyte and water metabolism.
Mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) like action : mild action
Promotes
retention
of sodium and excretion of potassium by the
kidneys
Cortisol antagonizes the action of ADH on renal tubules
Cortisol enhances the destruction of the ADH by the liver
Adrenal insufficiency
is characterized by an inability to excrete a water load causing water intoxication. (Increased production of ADH water retention)
Cortisol excess
Increased retention
of sodium
Increases the ECF
volume leading to
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Excessive potassium
excretion
Hypokalaemia
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Permissive action
Bone metabolism
Blood cells and lymphatic organs.
ON CNS
On GIT
Resistance to stress.
Anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic
Vascular reactivity.