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Ch11 Concept Map - Coggle Diagram
Ch11 Concept Map
Vocabulary
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“Stories in sign language are likely to have a higher frequency of ‘established signs’ (those accepted widely among the community) to ensure that everyone understands.”
“In contrast, poetry uses more productive, creative, or even ‘new’ ways of signing.”
“Deaf poets can experiment with new signs much more than hearing poets composing in written language can.”
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“Neologism is signs (signs which have never been used before – we will discuss this more in the next chapter)”
“Storytelling uses many established signs, for which manual components (hands) are indispensable.”
“Poetry relies much less on manual signs, speed, rhythm, and so on.”
Purpose and Function
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“Some poets even claim that they do not really mind whether the audience get the ‘meaning’ of their poems or not.”
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“Purpose in poetry: explore the height of artistic language – to push linguistic boundaries and discover new, bold and original expressions that can convey the poet’s thoughts.”
“Prose and poetry: the former uses everyday (‘normal’) language, established vocabulary and accepted grammar to ensure the content is understood, whereas the latter often breaks the rules and uses unusual, odd and distorted language to create something new and different.”
“Both foregrounding and defamiliarisation aim to create a new way of perceiving language and reality – which is an important function of poetry.”
Prose and Poetry
“We ask what criteria exist for separating prose from poetry in written language literature and try to apply these to sign language literature.”
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“Prose: language is used to communicate the content of the work, and as long as the message is conveyed, how the language is used does not hugely matter.”
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“Poetry also exists for its own sake and every choice of language element is deliberate and has meaning.”
“I have never yet come across a final, comprehensive, and satisfactory account of the difference between poetry and prose, I do not believe that any distinction between prose and poetry is meaningful.”
Line Segmentation : :
“The notion of a ‘line’ is arguably the most common way of distinguishing poetry from prose in written literature.”
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“Part of the poet’s artistry is to decide when to break lines and poetry can use unusual line breaks.”
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Flexibility of Text
“Heidi Rose suggests that the distinction between poetry and prose is the degree to which a signed piece can be fixed and frozen.”
“Poetry usually has a fixed text, whereas prose stories can be adapted according to audiences or situations, making them more performative, free and flexible.”
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“More stories are seen in fixed forms, blurring the distinction between poetry and prose in this aspect.”
Rules
“Poems often follow specific rules such as strict rhyming schemes, metric structures or mandatory choice of particular kinds of words.”
“Prose tends to be much more free and spontaneous, and the composition is less rule-driven.”
“Presence or absence of rules does not really help us distinguish prose and poetry in sign language literature because there are currently few established rules for the form of sign language poetry.”
“Poems are somehow more ‘disciplined’ than stories.”
“Signing poets seem to be more disciplined in their choice of language and lay certain restrictions upon themselves (such as the fixed use of a particular parameter and manipulation of speed, space and facial expressions) in order to produce intense poetic effects within the restrictions of the form.”
Length
“Poems are usually shorter than stories: rare to tell a prose story in a few words, but poetry does.”
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“In general, signed texts are shorter than written ones so, while poems do tend to be short, length alone cannot distinguish between poetry and prose.”
Plot and Characters
“Prose: likely to have a plot – that is, a sequence in which a story unfolds.”
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“We cannot always simply describe a static scene and make it a story, but that is acceptable in a poem.”
Rhythm
“Rhythm and signing speed are important in any good performance of sign language literature, regardless of whether it is a poem or a prose story, but their functions may be slightly different.”
“While stories may use different rhythms and signing speeds to highlight actions or emotions (reflecting what is happening in the story), poetry manipulates them in a more deliberate and aesthetic manner to foreground the language itself rather than the content.”