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G9 Biology - Coggle Diagram
G9 Biology
Homeostasis
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A state of equilibrium or balance inside an organism that all body systems work together to maintain.
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Photosynthesis
Light Intensity
Light is absorbed by chlorophyll, which convert the radiant energy into chemical energy (ATP)
As light intensity increases reaction rate will increase, as more chlorophyll are being photo-activated
At a certain light intensity photosynthetic rate will plateau, as all available chlorophyll are saturated with light
Different wavelengths of light will have different effects on the rate of photosynthesis (e.g. green light is reflected)
Carbon Dioxide
As carbon dioxide concentration increases reaction rate will increase, as more organic molecules are being produced
At a certain concentration of CO2 photosynthetic rate will plateau, as the enzymes responsible for carbon fixation are saturated
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Temperature
Photosynthesis is controlled by enzymes, which are sensitive to temperature fluctuations
As temperature increases reaction rate will increase, as reactants have greater kinetic energy and more collisions result
Above a certain temperature the rate of photosynthesis will decrease as essential enzymes begin to denature
Human Body
Systems
Feedback Loops
Positive feedback loops are loops that don't go back to the original status, they just keep "improving" until something is complete (I can't really explain but the examples will help), for example the reproductive system.
Negative
Process of maintaining homeostasis by finding situations where the body isn't at levels of homeostasis and acting on it to bring it back to homeostasis.
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Body Systems
Digestive System
Parts
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Stomach
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It is lined by gastric pits that release digestive juices, which create an acidic environment (pH ~2)
Small Intestine
A long, highly folded tube where usable food substances (nutrients) are absorbed
Consists of three sections – the duodenum, jejunum and ileum
Large Intestine
The final section of the alimentary canal, where water and dissolved minerals (i.e. ions) are absorbed
Consists of the ascending / transverse / descending / sigmoid colon, as well as the rectum
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Respiratory System
Gas Exchange
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Air travels down the trachea until it divides into two bronchi (singular: bronchus) which connect to the lungs
The right lung is composed of three lobes, while the left lung is only comprised of two (smaller due to position of heart)
Inside each lung, the bronchi divide into many smaller airways called bronchioles, greatly increasing surface area
Each bronchiole terminates with a cluster of air sacs called alveoli, where gas exchange with the bloodstream occurs
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Ventilation
The exchange of air between the atmosphere and the lungs - achieved by the physical act of breathing
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