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The Revolutions of 1848: Causes - Coggle Diagram
The Revolutions of 1848: Causes
Poor Agriculture Conditions
Preceded by 2 years of famine and agricultural depression
Price of food went up and increased starvation
Increase in population by the millions-not enough food to feed everyone
Evident in the France and the German Confederation
Industrialisation
Industrial problems: coincided with harvest failure
New manufacturing enterprises were established to produce product in bulk
Most apparent in German and France Confederation
Wages of artisans were heavily impacted
Nationalism
Nationalist feelings:growing fast
Evident in the revolution in Hungary and Italy in 1848-49
Magyr nobility and Hungarian nationalists wanted self governance for Hungary within the Austrian Empire
Italian nationalists wanted to unify an Italian state
Liberalism
1848: concepts of liberalism and nationalism were linked
Liberals- members of working class who did not possess political power
States experiencing revolutions: often had a monarchy with a lot of power
Creation of national states and political reform went hand in hand
Political Expectations: Rising
Accession of Fredrick William IV in Prussia 1840 caused some liberals to believe political change was coming
Election of Pope Pius IX encouraged Italian liberal nationalists
France: reform banquets gave an avenue for political opponents to voice their grievances agains the July Monarchy
Events before 1848 encouraged those who wanted political change
A 'Domino Effect'
Fall of Louis Filippe 1848 increased political excitement in Europe
Reached a peak with the dismissal of Metternich in March 1848
Development of railways and telegraph helped news of revolutions spread across Europe and spark new revolutions elsewhere