Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Extractions of metals - Coggle Diagram
Extractions of metals
Extraction of Iron
The main ore for for iron is Hematite. Iron is obtained by the reduction of carbon in the blast furnace.The furnace is loaded with coke and limestone at 1900*c. Hot air given at the bottom burns furnace real hot. Limestone is added to Silica to remove impurities. Calcium oxide is reacted with silicate oxide to form slag. Slag goes down the furnace and rests upon the iron and doesnt mix
-
-
Extraction of iron
Zinc blende (ZnS) is the ore for zinc. Zinc sulfide is heated in the current of air to form Zinc oxide and sulfure dioxide .Zinc oxide is heated with coke in blast furnace to form Zinc and Carbon dioxide. Zinc vapour passes out the furnace and is cooled and condesed
Steps involved
ZInc ore is first purified by oil , water , Gaunge (impurity). This is known as froath floatation process. Then Zinc sulfide is reduced by oxygen. Lastly , Zinc oxide is reduced by carbon monoxide
Chemical reactions
Reduction of zinc sulfide: 2Zns + 3O2 ---> 2ZnO + 2So2 Reduction of Zinc oxide: ZnO + CO ----> Zn + Co2
Extraction of Iron
Main ore is Bauxite. Bauxite is treated with sodium hydroxide to get pure for of aluminium (Alumina). it is then dissolved in cryolite to lower its melting point from 2030c to 900/1000c. To save energy costs. Aluminium reacts with the cathode. Oxygen reacts with graphite anode to form Co2.
-
Steps involved
Bauxite is purified. Then , dissolved in cryolite.
Extraction of Ammonia
Nitrogen and Hydrogen are combined to form ammonia. Nitrogen is obtained from air and hydrogen from methane and steam. Gases are compressed to form ammonia. Ammonia is liquified and tapped out at 400-450*c at 1-2 atm.
-
-
Extraction of Sulfur
Sulfur is in solid state and is melted and then combusted with oxygen to get sulfur dioxide. It is then converted to sulfur trioxide. A catalyst , Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5). to speed up the reaction at 450*c and 1-2 atm pressure. Sulfur trioxide is treated with mist of water and 99.5% of sulfuric acid is collected.
Steps involved
Solid sulfur is melted. Sulfur converted to So2. Then again converted to So3. Catalyst added. Sulfuric acid is collected
-