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Matter and Energy 1 - Coggle Diagram
Matter and Energy 1
M1: Tools for the study of physics
T2: Measurement and Units
Relative error, absolute error, systematic error and random error
T3: Scalar and Vector Quantities
The vector quantity has a direction, while the scalar magnitude does not have one; the formulas are θ=Co-tan (Ry/Rx) and R=√x^2+y^2
T4: Operations with Vectors
Adding up all vectors is: R=A+B+C; we need to make all of the 4 angular vectors into a Cartesian with 4 directions
T5: Description of movement in one dimension
Displacement is the
real
distance from the origin, while distance is the total traveled
The formulas to solve acceleration related problems are:
x=(vo+vf/2)t
vf=vo+at
x=vot + 1/2^2
x=vft - 1/2^2
2(ax) = vf^2 - vo^2
Acceleration = (vf-vo)/t
T1: History of Physics
Physics is the science in charge of studying the space and how we interact with it; Aristotle was the first to create physics laws
M2: Geometry of motion with constant acceleration and its causes
T8: Newton's Laws of motion
The second Law talks about how the velocity of an object is directly proportional to the force applied and inversely proportional to the mass of the object
The third Law talks about how for every action there is a reaction with the same force but in the opposite direction
The first Law talks about inertia, this means that if an object is in a state (moving or static) it will stay this way until another force changes this
T9: Graphical, qualitative, and quantitative description of forces
Friction is the resistance every surface has over any object, this can be kinetic or static; in this topic we also noticed that using a free body diagram can help us solve the problem faster since it simplifies everything.
Finally we also saw that the most common forces in the Newton Laws are tension, weight and newton.
T7: Two dimensional motion with constant acceleration
In this topic we talked about circular motion, we also saw that this can be measured in degrees as well as in radians
We saw two set of formulas, the first set is for velocity and the second one for position:
2-
x=Vox t
Y=Voyt+1/2gt2
1-
Vx =Voxt
Vy =Voy +gt
T10: Application of Newton's Laws
Normally Newton's Laws are used in contrast with free body diagrams in order to predict the movement of an object if forces are applied over it in situations in real life, in order to prevent accidents
In this lesson we also learnt that the forces should have an equilibrium so when we sum them we should get 0
T6: One dimensional motion with constant acceleration
Gravity is a natural force the Earth has, which pulls everything down to its core, understanding this helps us know how free fall occurs.
We change the x formulas to use them for y
y=(vo+vf/2)t
vf=vo+gt
y=vot + 1/2gt^2
y=vft - 1/2gt^2
2(gy) = vf^2 - vo^2
M3: Work, Energy and Rotational Movement
T13: Kinematics of Rotational Motion
When talking about circular motion we have two main terms within it, period (the time taken to complete a whole turn, which is also a revolution), and frequency (number of turns over the time).
In this topic we also saw that a positive result means that the object is going counterclockwise, while if the result is negative it means that the object is going clockwise.
T14: Rotational Motion dynamics
In this topic we learnt that the torque is proportional to the magnitude of the force and the distance of the radius from the rotational axis, so its formula is: Torque = Force*radius
T12: Potential Energy and the Principle of Conservation of Mechanical Energy
Potential energy is the capacity of doing work with a given position or condition, meanwhile a conservative force is the one that does zero work in a round trip, an example of this is friction, finally the energy conservation principle says that energy is unable to be created or destroyed, it can only be transformed.
T15: Equilibrium for Non-punctual Bodies
As in a past topic, equilibrium means that adding all of the forces up gives a result of 0, so static equilibrium is whenever the object is resting, while dynamic equilibrium is when the object is moving at a constant speed.
The formula for this topic applies to all the different types of equilibrium there is:
ΣF=0
T11: Mechanical Work and Kinetic Energy
Work is an scalar quantity that depends on displacement and force invested, it is measured in Joules, meanwhile energy is the capacity to do work, thus making kinetic energy the capability to do work in motion, finally power is how fast work can be done and this one is measured in Watts
The formulas are the next:
P =W/t
K = 1/2 m v^2
P =F.x/t
Work =1/2mVf^2 -1/2mVo^2
P=Fv