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Psychoanalysis - Coggle Diagram

- - - - sexual issues
  - - - the childhood seduction experiences his patients described were not real
        
        remains his idea that sex as the cause of neurosis as the fantasies of sex was the root of patient’s problem
  - - - reflects unconscious motives or anxieties
  - - - ego-ideal
      - conscience
    - - Life instincts
      - Death instincts
      - libido
  - - - dreams reflect emotional concerns
      - Oedipus complex in boys
      - castration anxiety
      - characteristics of the oral and anal personality types
    - - women’s issues with body image
      - identity and superego
      - the Oedipus complex and male identification with father
      - personality formation by age five
      - symbolism of dreams
  - - - Takes too long and too costly for common people
    - - Freud may have used suggestion to elicit or implant such memories when no actual seduction had occurred
- - - - The somatic (physical causes)
        
        Psychoanalysis developed as a revolt to the somatic camp
      - The psychic (psychological causes)
  - - - unconscious mental processes and conflicts, the significance of dreams, and the importance of sexual arousal
    - - continuous progression in emotional behavior from childhood to adulthood
      - infants sex drive appears as young as seven weeks
- - - - Published Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis
        
        Developed an approach to psychoanalytic therapy with children that took into account their relative immaturity and the level of their verbal skills
      - published The Psychoanalytic study of the Child
        
        substantially revised orthodox psychoanalytic theory
      - Published In The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense
        
        elaborated and clarified the use of defense mechanisms
      - Contributions
        
        encouraged experimental investigation of the hypotheses
        
        modified psychoanalytic psychotherapy
        
        translated, simplified, and operationally defined concepts
        
        fostered a relationship with academic psychology
        
        Ego psychology became the primary American form of psychoanalysis
    - - Object Relations Theories
        
        “Object” used to refer to any person, object, or activity that can satisfy an instinct
        
        Mother is the primary object
        
        satisfying
        
        hostile
        
        form unconscious representation of interpersonal relationship, and influence the child’s way of relating to new people
        
        parent-child relations, especially the mother and child in developing personality
  - - - Analytic Psychology
        
        Two levels of the unconscious mind
        
        personal unconscious
        
        collective unconscious
        
        Archetypes
        
        Anima
        
        Animus
        
        Shadow
        
        The Self
        
        Persona
        
        Attitudes
        
        Introversion
        
        Extroversion
        
        Psychological types
        
        Feeling
        
        Sensing
        
        Thinking
        
        Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
        
        Intuiting
      - Criticisms
        
        unclear, incomprehensible, and sometimes contradictory
        
        unscientific
      - Contributions
        
        notions of introversion and extroversion are popular today in many areas of personality theory such as personality tests
        
        Eysenck's PEN Model of Personality, Big 5, MBTI
    - - Individual Psychology
        
        Social interest
        
        cooperate with others to achieve personal and societal goals
        
        behavior is affected more by beliefs about the future
        
        Feelings of Inferiority
        
        motivate people to continuous improvement
        
        strive for superiority
        
        Childhood pampering or rejection may lead to abnormal compensatory behaviors
        
        inferiority complex
        
        unable to compensate for normal inferiority feelings
        
        Style of life
        
        The creative power of the self
        
        Birth order
        
        Middle
        
        ambitious, rebellious, and jealous, constantly striving to surpass the first-born
        
        Youngest
        
        likely to be spoiled and predisposed toward behavioural problems in childhood and adulthood.
        
        Oldest
        
        received great deals of attention then dethroned by the birth of the second child
        
        Only Child
        
        may experience difficulties in adjusting to the world outside the family
      - Criticisms
        
        did not explain methods of analysis and conclusion
        
        relied heavily on common observations
        
        theories are superficial and system is too simple
      - Contributions
        
        emphasis on social forces
        
        creative power of self influenced Maslow
        
        birth order research
        
        received some research supports
        
        stress on social variables influenced Rotter
    - - Basic hostility and basic anxiety
        
        parent–child relationship
        
        Personality
        
        Adjustments to basic anxiety
        
        Moving against people
        
        Becoming a hostile person, using power
        
        Moving away from people
        
        Becoming a detached person
        
        Moving towards people
        
        Becoming a compliant person
      - Idealized self-image
      - Criticism
        
        little research
        
        non-replicable, non-validated, unsystematic
        
        non-experimental
        
        clinical observations of patients
      - Contributions
        
        description of personality in terms of social forces
        
        viewed that neurosis can be avoided