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Seed Plants Without Flowers (Gymnosperms) - Coggle Diagram
Seed Plants Without Flowers (Gymnosperms)
Division Gnerophyta
3 groups of enigmatic
Gnetum with 30 species
mostly vines / small shrubs
blood leaves
epherdra with about 40 species
leaves reduced/ scale like
tough shrubs / bushes
The only species in genus
short wide stem
grow perennially from basal maristem
gymnosperms
reproduction
Pollen Cones
Compound
Contain Small Bracts
seed cones
Compound
ExtraTissue Layers around ovules
vessels in wood
Only two leaves / evolved from tracheids w/ circular border pits
Division Ginkgophyta
Single Living Species
Many Branches
Wood like conifer
Stout Trunk
Lacks Vessels
Lacks axial parenchyma
Looks like large Dictot
broad leaves
dichotomously branches veins
short shoots
long shoots
Reproduction
dioecious
gymnosperms
no cones produced
Ovules produced in pairs
Cycadeoids
All Extinct
Vegetative Features
Similar Cyads
Differ in subtle Details
differentiation of stomatal complexes
leaf trace organiation
Reproduction
Cones containing both
microsporophylls
megasporophylls
Cycads
Most short less that 1 or 2 m tall
Trunk Covered with Bark
Persistent leaf bases
stems
Similar to seed ferns
thick cortex
massive rays
small amount of manoxylic wood
tracheids long and wide
seed cones
pollen cones
dioecious
each produced on seperate plants
Macrozamia Can reach 18m
