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Unit 2: Networks of Exchange (1200 CE - 1450 CE) - Coggle Diagram
Unit 2: Networks of Exchange (1200 CE - 1450 CE)
Networks of Exchange
The Silk Road
used for transportation, exchange of knowledge, & cultures/beliefs
Samarkand
a city located in the heart of Central Asia next to the Meditteranean Sea (opened up trading opputunity)
Banking Houses
first modern banks based off medival merchants
helped financed long trading journeys
Indian Ocean Sea Lanes (Monsoon Marketplace)
Monsoon winds influenced trade because it would control the import and export times.
monsoon winds also created lower risks, cheaper trade, and more trade
goods bought in BULK. easier on water magnetic compass
monsoon winds bring the rainy season on
ottoman empire was the center of world trade
Trans-Saharan (Africa)
Expansion of Empires
Trade Over Time
Communication Over Time
Mongol Military
tactics: feigned flight, surprise attacks, hostage-taking, psychological warfare, human shields.
rapid communication helped for $$ and safe travel
small horses were small, efficient, hardy stamina, endurance advantage, "machine of war"
covered anywhere from 100-160 km. traveling light and fast, lived off the land, horses sometimes killed for food
Mongol Empire
Mongal Khahanates
pieces of Ghengis Khans empire given to each of his sons (&grandsons) to rule. it was too large for one person to administer.
four states: the Golden Horde, the Ilkhanate, the Yuan Dynasty, the Chagatai Khanate
split up bc territory was too hard to control and there was like no communication.
Ghengis Khan was the founder and first leader of the Mongol Empire.
Ghengis Khan was know to most as a genocidal ruler
brought the Silk Roads under one cohesive environment.
came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia
founding father on Mongolia
Pax Mongolica
Latin for Mongol Peace. a.k.a. Pax Tatarica
there were a lot of religious conversions
helped develop commerce and communication especially on the Silk Roads
Nestonian Christianity
Effects of Networks of Exchange
Spread of Disease
the spread of the Bubonic Plague was way faster and there were more casualties because of it.
30%-60% of Europe was killed
post-plague caused a rise in religious followers
plague doctors would wear "beaks" filled with spices and herbs to deal with the smell
jews and lepers were blamed
black pus filled spots all over the body
spread by rats
Spread of Ideas / Technology
Gunpowder
Paper money was invented to make transactions easier (Chinese Tang Dynasty invention)(618-907 AD)
astrolabe. smartphone, helped travelling merchants, star tracker, tells time/location/horoscope/helps make desicions/overpriced
Spread of Religion
Explorers
Zheng He
China's superpower
muslim admiral of Ming Dynasty
travelled to Indonesia, Arabia, and the coast of Africa
Marco Polo
"wayfarer"
believed to have travelled across Asia during the Mongol Empire
Ibn Batutta
it was a journal of "the whole world"
his writings were significant because it is known as one of the most vivid accounts
"A Gift To Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Travelling"
a.k.a. Rihla (travels)