40 year-old woman wants contraceptives

Her and her husband are in their 40s

She could go through menopause

Their hormone levels have decreased in their age

Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System

Penis

Reproduction-ejaculates semen to fertilize an egg

Bulbourethral gland

forms a mucus to help protect urethra and adds lubrication in intercourse

Prostate Gland

adds a milky substance to semen usually acidic

Seminal Vesicles

adds a alkaline substance to semen that helps nourish sperm

Urethra

hollow tube allows for semen to pass through

ejaculatory duct

mixes sperm in the ampulla and sends it to the prostate gland

Ductus (vas) deferens

transports sperm from epididymis and stores sperm

Epididymus

store sperm until it is mature

Rete testis

receives sperm from the seminiferous tubules

Testes

houses and creates sperm

Seminiferous tubules

creates sperm

Primary Spermocyte

Secondary Spermocyte

develop into secondary spermocyte

develops into the mature sperm

Scrotum

holds the testes

Female Reproduction System

Mammary Glands

produces and releases milk

Areola

protects

Lobes

holds aveoli

Aveoli

produce breast milk

Lactiferous Duct

delivers milk to the surface

Nipple

releases milk

Lactiferous Sinus

stores breast milk

The Vagina

birth canal and is used for sexual intercourse as well as linking the cervix and uterus

Events of Uterine/Ovarian Cycle

Uterine Cycle

Menstrual Phase

Days 1-5 marked by the shedding of the lining of the uterus

Proliferative Phase

spans 6-14 days Estrogen causes the lining of the uterus to thinken

Secretory Phase

Days 15-28 Progesterone released from corpus luteum helps with vascularization and development of uterine glands

Unterus

nurturing a fertilized ovum from development till birth

Uterine tubes

transports an fertilized or unfertilized secondary oocyte to the uterus

Ovarian Cycle

Follicular (Days 1-13)

FSH and LH stimulate the production of an primary oocyte

Ovulation (Day 14)

a release of an oocyte

Luteal Phase (Days 14-28)

formation of the corpus luteum

Ovaries

production and storage of oocytes

Primary Follicles

secretes estrogen

Secondary Follicles

contains primary oocyte

Corpus Luteum

secretes progesterone and estrogen

Major Contraceptives

Oral Contraceptives

Inhibits ovulation

Side effects

Nausae

Mood Swings

Weight Gain

Spotting between periods

Intra Uterine Device (IUD)

stops sperm from fertilizing an egg

Side Effects

Acne

Headaches

Weight gain

Menstrual Changes

Condoms

reduces the probability of a pregnancy

Side effects

Allergic Reactions

Permanent Contraceptives

Vasectomy

stops sperm production

Side effects

blood clot

Tubectomy

removes uterine tubes so an egg can not be released

Side effects

Acne

Weight Gain

Headaches

Hysterectomy

removal of the uterus

Side Effects

Early menopause

Estrogen levels decrease

Three Worst

Three Good

Hysterectomy

She is in healthy conditions

Condom

Vasectomy

he would no longer produce sperm

IUD

lasts for a long time

don't have to take pills

Birth Control Implant

lasts for 4 years

very effective

no real need to remove uterus

not the most effective contraceptive

potential of getting pregnant

not doing any birth control

less effective

bigger potential of getting pregnant