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EXTERNAL GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES, 1801fe9214cd07771ce509c032185757, lake,…
EXTERNAL GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES
ICE
Glaciar landforms
u-shaped valley
hanging valley
arête
lake
horn
2 erosion processes
1-
Plucking
glacier pulls out loose material from the walls and bed of the glacial valley
2-
Abrasion
rock fragments cut the walls and walls of the glacial valley.
depositional landforms
lateral moraines
located in both sides of the glacier
medial moraines
located in the middle of the glacier
terminal moraines
located in the front of the glacier
Types of glacier
1- Alpine glaciers
found in mountain ranges at high elevations
2- Continental glaciers
cover enormous areas in polar regions
Definition of
Glacier
Thick mass of ice that moves over land.
Iceberg
Large piece of ice that has broken off a glacier and fallen into a lake or the sea
Parts of the ALPINE Glacier
cirque
uppermost section
rounded shape, snow transformed in ice
glacial valley
channel where ice descends
also called ice tongue
terminal zone
lowest section
ice melts, material deposited
WIND
erosional landforms
honeycombs
desert pavement
mushroom rocks
definitions of...
1- deflaction
process where the wind detaches and removes loose particles from Earth's surface
2- abrasion
the impact and friction of this material on rocks polishes and wears away at them
two conditions for erosion
presence for loose material, can't move solid rock or large fragments
absence of vegetation, plant roots help soil in pace
depositional landforms
dune
mound of sand transported by wind
loess
extensive deposit of fine-grained particulate matter
SEA
two water movements causing EROSION
waves
action of wind on the surface of the water
upper part: crest, lower part: trough
tides
oscillations in the sea level
gravitational force of the Moon an the Sun on water, Earth's surface
landforms caused by erosion
cliffs
almost vertical masses of rock
seastacks
remains of former headlands
natural bridges
cracks or weaker zones
wave-cut platforms
horizontal areas of rock from near foot of cliffs
headlands and bays
rugged coastlines
2 methods for transport of eroded materials
waves
drag materials in towards the beach and then back out again
makes particles rounder and smaller
longshore drift
direction of wind and waves causes sea water transport material by pulling it along coastline
landforms caused by deposition
spits
sandbars attached to the mainland at one end
deltas
deposits that form at the mouths of rivers
lagoons
coastal bodies of water
tombolos
deposists that connect a seastack to mainland
marshes
both salt and fresh water flow into shallow wetlands
beaches
deposits of sand or gravel along coastline
sandbars
sand deposits that form elongated islands
