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Cultural Debate - Coggle Diagram
Cultural Debate
Spread in 18thCentury
There was a real need for new means of expression and for the circulation of ideas
During the 17th Century there had been a slow increase of pubblication of journals and pamphlets
A current of General News
The first English periodical, published in 1622, printed by Archer and Bourne
Leipziger Zeitung
Germany, 1660
Linked to the Enlightenment
First in England and then in France and in the rest of Europe
Printed word, journal
In 18th Century journalism took on its specific features( Free profession)
London was the first country where journalism developed, encouraging the struggle for political and individual freedom
This was the time when the modern periodical took shape
Deliberately avoided controversial tones
Moralisation
Daniel Defoe
One of the pioneers of journalism with his periodical:
The review
It was weekly, the became thrice-weekly
Political stance of the Tories
It covered Politic but als Religion, trade, manners and morals.
Richard Steele The Tatler in 1709
Joseph Addison The Spectator in 1711
The spread of Journalism caused concern among politicians
They tried to limit the influence by limitations, suchas the obbligation to use special paper with an official stamp on it
This action increased the price
Some pubblications, as the
Daily Courant
or
The Daily Advertiser
, began to use advertising as a means of survival
Journalism continued to expand
English journalists fought to defend liberal principles and the right to cover parliamentary debates
In 1875
The Daily Universal Register
, which became
The Times
, was founded
After 1772 newspapers were allowed to send their reporters to attend Parliament sessions and write about them