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Chapter 7: Migration: Geographic & Social Psychological Components -…

- - - - A Reversal of Trends in the Late 20th Century: "rural renaissance" was movement characterized by two separate but related trends. One, a large scale migration from states in the northeastern and north central regions to the southern and far western states, continued at a decelerating pace into the 1990s. The other consisting of moderate sized flows from major metropolitan areas to the "exurban" and rural areas, more or less slowed to a halt in about 1990.
- - - - Lee's Theory of Push and Pull Factors: push factors; that is, undesirable conditions in the sender population that make remaining at one’s current place of residence unattractive. They might include lack of jobs, housing, schooling, or other social amenities, and ethnic prejudice, difficult political conditions, or natural disasters. Pull factors, conditions that make a potential receiver population attractive, include perceived economic,
        social, and political opportunities in a geographic area different from—but ordinarily close or adjacent to—one’s current place of residence
        
        Social Network Theory: suggests that international migration is a well-organized activity that is managed by new immigrants and closely associated potential migrants related by family or kinship ties
- - - - Refugees are forced immigrants. Like the slaves who were brought from Africa to North America, their movements are not subject to the usual “pushes and pulls” or “rational choices,” that influence other kinds of migrants.