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Healthy, married couple, 40s, done having kids but not sure what do to…
Healthy, married couple, 40s, done having kids but not sure what do to concerning birth control. Advice?
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Anatomy of the male and female reproductive systems including all relevant structures and functions of each of the organs
Male
Scrotum: hold the testes
A protective covering for the testicles and regulated temperature for proper development of the sperm
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Major contraceptive methods, how they work to prevent pregnancy, and their potential side effects
For Males: Vasectomy, Condom
Cut the vas deference to prevent sperm bring in the ejaculate and impregnating a women Side effects: Side effects of vasectomy: hematoma in scrotum, blood in semen, bruising, infection, discomfort
Condom: prevents the sperm from entering the uterus. Side effects: skin irritation, high failure rate, possible allergic reaction
For Females: sterilization, birth control pills, IUD, Cervical Cap
Bilateral Tubal Ligation: cut and tie off the fallopian tubes to prevent presenting an egg to potential sperm
Side effects: slight vaginal bleeding, cramping
Birth Control Pills: depending on pill, some prevent the sperm from joining the egg, prevent ovulation, thicken the mucous in the cervix, mimic that the women is pregnant by hormone levels
Side effects: spotty periods, weight gain, fluid retention, breast swelling or tender, upset stomach, mood swings
IUD: intrauterine device, placed in the uterus to prevent an egg from implanting itself into the endometrium for nutrients and furthering the pregnancy
Side effects: irregular bleeding, sometimes no menstrual cycle, headaches, upset stomach, STD
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Coitus Interuptus & Calendar Rhythm Method: when the male pull out his penis before ejaculation. Calendar rhythm method is when the female participates in intercourse when she is not ovulating
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Depo-vera: a shot that contains progesterone which prevents ovulation. Since there is not ovulating occurring there is no egg to fertilize
Side effects: changes in menstrual cycle, weight gain, stomach cramping/nausea, bloating, dizziness, tiredness
Hormonal Implant: small plastic rod that is placed under the skin in the females upper arm. The rod releases small doses of progesterone to prevent pregnancy
Side effects: changes in menstrual cycle, pain, swelling, vaginal itching, redness, infection, scarring
Three WORST options
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Hormonal Birth Control
Patient does not desire hormonal birth control. Increased risk of DVT's, heart attack, stoke, breast and uterine cancer
Cervical Cap
Not as effective and uncomfortable for female and sometimes the male, not healthy and can irate the cervix
Three BEST options
Bilateral Tubal Ligation
Slightly more invasive procedure for the female. Does require a slightly longer recuperation time, very effective.
IUD (non hormonal)
Convenient for the female. Easy to remove for a physician. Very effective and not many side effects for the female
Vasectomy
Minor procedure for the male. Very effective way of brith control especially if the couple is done having children