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Fresh water: 3% (70% is frozen), if you layer them 1000m thick they would cover the entire North America
Salt water: 93%
Antarctica and taking the form of floating sea ice
On land: they can be glaciers (on mountains ranges)
Direct contact with sunlight
Wild life habitats might be destroy as the icebergs are melting
Most of the fresh water is located on land or taking the form of an iceberg. If they melt because of the direct sunlight and warming sea level, this will lead to shifted ocean current and corrupted ecosystems.
The amount of fresh water is extremely little compared to the amount of seawater. If the glaciers and ice sheets all melt, there will a water crisis all over the world until people can find a solution to it.
Because they get direct contact with warming water
Sea ice was the lowest reported recorded for 5 months of 2016
Energy and oil companies are taking this as an opportunity to search for undiscovered resources by using seismic blasting
This cause relocation of habitats for species such as narwhals, whales… as well as detrimental effects on the whole ecosystem of the Artic Ocean
If all the glaciers and sea ice melt in Antarctica, then what is left is just land. This can be potentially being habitable land in the future when most of the coastal cities are flooded.
Seismic waves blasting can cause lots of damage to the marine life in Antarctica
Melting sea ice can lead to species such as walrus, polar bears or seal to become endangered
If the sea ice melts, it will flood surrounding countries. For example if the Greenland ice sheet melts, countries such as the UK, Netherland, Greenland,...
Marine life in Antarctica is endangered by oil companies using seismic blasting
Animals such as walrus, polar bears, narwhals, seals, … are deeply affected since this is their habitat and it is slowly disappearing. This might result with many species in cold climate become endangered.
The world’s ocean overlapped each other by set of currents that play the role of an enormous conveyer belt. These flows are driven in part by the variances in the saltiness amongst one part of the ocean and another.
They are very important because these currents disperse nutrients around the world.
Because of the warming of the seawater and as fresh water from the Greenland Ice sheets emerges, The Gulf stream that is currently keeping Europe warm may not do so in the future.
As a result, crops in Europe will need to be relocated and Europe is now dependent on imported food from other countries which can be very risky
If the Greenland ice sheets melt, resulted in lots of non-salty water being dumped into the North Atlantic. This can potentially disrupt the current.
The Ice is white therefore it reflects the sunlight into space. With the seawater getting warmer, the ice melts faster. This started a negative feedback loop with things getting worse one after another. As a result, there will be less sunlight reflected back into space leading to the Earth getting even warmer.
Some area of land might be left inhabitable caused from the shift of the ocean currents.
The ocean current might affect food productions for some countries
This means some countries can no longer grow crops which will result in unemployment rate increases, more imports than exports,…
Tokyo, New York, Sao Paulo, Shanghai and many other coastal cities
70 m
At 10m, 10% of the world’s population will be left homeless
At 25m, 1.4 billion people would be left homeless (20% of world’s population)
At 70m, it would flooded many of America’s coastal cities, forming a new sea in the middle of Australia as well as many other coastal cities around the world, including Ho Chi Minh City.
When big coastal cities are flooded, people will likely to relocate to higher areas such as mountains
Some inhabitable land will be used since there is not much of an option if they have no where to go
All the buildings and infrastructures from those flooded cities might turn into new habitats for other species.