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EXTERNAL GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES - Coggle Diagram
EXTERNAL GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES
ICE
depositional landforms
moraine
material carried by glaciers
depending on on where the glacier deposits it
terminal moraines
medial moraines
lateral moraines
Glaciar landforms
Geological activity
glacial polish
grooves
striations
landforms
horn
arête
lake
U-shaped valley
hanging valley
2 erosion processes
1.abrasion
rock fragments
cut walls and floor of the glacial valley
this cause
polish the rock
striations and grooves
2.pluking
pulls out loose material and fragmented rock
sticks in the ice
Types of glacier
1.Continental glaciers
cover enormous áreas in polar region
aren't confined by topography
2.alpine glaciers
found in mountains ranges at high elevations
confined by mountains valleys
Definition of
Iceberg
large piece of ice that has broken off a glacier and has fallen
Glacier
thick mass of ice that moves over land
Parts of Alpine Glacier
cirque
rounded shape
snow accumulates and transformed in ice
terminal zone
lowest section
ice melts
glacial valley
channel ice descends
WIND
two conditions for erosion
Presence of loose material
wind cannot move rock or fragments
Abstence of vegetation
plants roots help to hold the soil
stems and leaves decrease wind speed
erosional landforms
mushroom rocks
wind abrasión more intense closer to the ground
wind shape isolated boulders
honeycombs
heterogenous or low density rocks are exposed
sand carried
formations with hollows
desert pavement
sweeping effect of deflatation
fine and médium particles are moved
definitions of...
deflatation
wind detaches and removes loose particles
creep
desert pavement
abrasion
material crashes into rocks
impact and friction of this material polishes and wears away
depositional landforms
dunes
mound of sand
transported by wind
dynamic landforms that continually change
loess
extensive deposit of fine-grained particles
silt
deposits material far from its place
deposits the quality of the soil
SEA
two water movements causing erosion
waves
by the action of the wind on the surface of the water
upper part or crest
lower part or trough
wave trains
tides
oscilations in the sea level
gravitatonial force of the moon
Sun on the water on Earth's surface
flow
high tide
ebb
low tide
tides alternate approximately every 6 hours
landforms caused by erosion
cliffs
vertical masses of rocks
separate land and sea
headlands and bays
rugged coastlines
made up of alternating sections of hard and soft rock
natural bridges
from cracks or weaker zones
result of differential erosion
wave-cut platforms
horizontal areas of rock
formed near foot of cliffs
seastack
remains of former headlands
no connected to mainland
before was a natural bridge
collapses and forms a seastack
2 methods for transport of eroded material
waves
drag material
continous movement that makes the particles rounder and smaller
longshore drift
direction of waves and wind
causes the sea water to transport material by pulling it
landforms caused by deposition
lagoons
coastal bodies of water
separated from the sea by a sandbar
spits
are sandbars attached to the main land
deltas
deposits that form at the mouth of the river
tombolos
deposits
connect seastack to the mainland
marshes
saltwater and fresh water flow
beaches
deposits of sand or gravel
common depositional landforms
sandbars
sand deposits that form elongated islands
close to the coast