Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Endocrine Disorders (Pituitary gland (Ischemia, brain tumor radiation,…
Endocrine Disorders
Pituitary gland
Ischemia, brain tumor radiation, trauma, infarction, hemorrhage
Hypopituitarism: low GH, ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH
Low growth hormone
Dwarfism, small stature in children
In adults: depends on hormones affected
Pituitary adenoma,
Hyperpituitarism: excess, PRL, ACTH,TSH, GH
High prolactin
Gynecomastia, galactorrhea, amenorrhea
High growth hormone
Gigantism, acromegaly, coarse facial features
Idiopathic, tumors of brain or pituitary gland, cranial surgery, head trauma
Diabetes Insipidus: lack of ADH secretion
Lack of water reabsorption at the nephron
Polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration, hypernatremia,
Thyroid gland
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Hypothyroidism: insufficient T3 &T4
Cretinism, cold intolerance, fatigue, weight gain, memory deficits, poor attention span, muscle cramps, constipation, puffy face, hair loss, brittle nails, myxedema
Grave's Disease (thyrotoxicosis), thyroid adenoma,excessive TSH secretin, subacute thyroiditis, toxic multibodular goiter, excessive iodine ingestion, excessive thyroid hormone replacement
Hyperthyroidism: excessive T3 & T4 secretion
Insomnia, weight loss, nervousness, sensitivity to heat, exophthalamus & periorbital edema, enlarged thyroid gland, audible bruit, a-fib
Surgery, trauma, infection
Thyrotoxic crisis: life-threatening condition due to overwhelming release of thyroid hormones
Parathyroid Gland
Hyperparathyroidism
Excessive parathyroid hormone release
Hypercalcemia leads to bone breakdown
Muscle weakness, poor concentration, kidney stones, neuropathies, fractures, constipation, depression, osteopenia
Hypoparathyroidism
Insufficient parathyroid hormone release
Hypocalcemia
Muscle cramps, irritability, tetany, seizures, Trosseau's sign: carpal spasm, Chvostek's sign: facial spasm
Adrenal Gland
Addison's Disease: autoimmune destruction of adrenal gland or prolonged corticosteroid use
Feeling faint when standing from sitting, nausea, weight loss, vomiting, weakness, inability to concentrate, anorexia
Hyperactive adrenal gland causes high levels of cortisol in blood
Hyperadrenalism: aka Cushing's Syndrome
Weight gain, "moon facies", easy brusing, hirsutism in women, fat in cervicothoracic region, "buffalo hump"
Hypothalamus
Acute brain injury, stroke, meningitis, neoplastic lung or colon cancer, pulmonary emphysema, pneumonia, drug-induced, brain surgery
Sydrome of Inappropriate ADH (SIADH): excess ADH,
Dilation of electrolytes (dilutional hyponatremia), hypervolemia, confusion, seizures, vomiting, nausea