Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND (the dawn of capitalism (the growth of all the…
SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND
in the Middle Ages there were the common lands
these lands were distributed by the monasteries to the poor people that made subsistence farming
in the 1534 Henry Eighth made the act of supremacy and he eliminated the monasteries situated in England
the common lands were taken by the richest landlords in auctions
the land became a source of profit and it had to be protected by the enclosures
due to the increase of the demands of wool the landlords used the land for grazing animals
wollen industry increased and the farms were taken by the wealthy people
the consequences for the villages and for the freeholders were terrible since they losed the lands and they could not compete with the landlords
they were obliged to sell their goods and to work for the owner of land to have some money
the dawn of capitalism
commercial classes and rich merchants became more and more important and togehter with the new landlords obtained some positions in the government
the growth of all the industries and especially of the cloth making
the increase of industries led as a consequence the growth of towns
the villages where there were industries became towns
London and others towns became very important :the intellectual and political heart of England
the craft guilds began to decline
it was more important the quantity than the quality
this created a lack of security and assistance for the guilds members
capitalism increased the poverty among the people.
to limitate this situation various measures were taken and collected in the the Poor LAWS (1601)
they tried to adopt different solutions for each class
feudalism finished totally
it had begun to decline before the coming of Tudors due to the introduction of cash payment and the increase of the power of the king . The use of gunpowder killed totally it since the castle could not defend the people
during the Renaissance period English merchants made their fortune
they created companies that became more and more important thanks to the geographical expansions and their wealth
In Elisabeth I times they could make trade around the world and there was an incredible traffic in which there were merchants of all the countries
many important towns became the greatest slave -trading port in Europe since England had a lot of colonies
there was a “triangular trade“ between Africa , England and English North America colonies
it was the dark side of the Elisabeth kingdom
they bought monastic estates after the scism
there was also a spread of education
in the past the majority of people was illiterate , in particular in the countryside
education spread among the merchants and the nobles
the gentlemen sponsored grammar schools thanks to the increase of Umanism
in aristocratic families the children studied at home with the help of a tutor
England payed a lot of attention on the education of the women.
Despite this women had not the same rights of the men
Renaissance woman was not still free . She depended bfefore on the father and after marriage on the husband
marriage was a contract , usually made by the families of them
many important people, such as Thomas More , gave the same education to their sons
after the Elisabeth's kingdom the stability of England started to decline
despite this there were some positive aspects such as the new theories and studies of Keplero ,Galileo and Copernicus
a lot of political and religious conflicts happened since there was not tolerance between the two churches and because the choice of Stuart as new king was not as good as it looked