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Married couple in their 40's & advice on contraceptive strategies.…
Married couple in their 40's & advice on contraceptive strategies.
What factors are important considerations for this couple that might not be in a different couple or individual seeking birth control options?
Long-term effects of birth control can cause nausea, intermenstrual spotting, & mood swings
The mother's age (40) can cause trouble conceiving the baby it could lead to an ectopic pregnancy or have trouble conceiving
Can undergo menopause earlier & no longer produces eggs and thus cannot become pregnant naturally.
Birth control can cause a reduced sex drive
As a medical professional, what are the three worst options & the three best options you suggest for this couple? Give reasons for your choices:
Worst options:
Male Condoms
Condoms may break or come off. Or the condom may not be placed properly on the penis
Spermicides
Spermicide used alone is about 70% to 80% effective, spermicide may irritate genitals. Can make it easier to get HIV and other STDs.
Cervical Cap
Can be less effective if you’ve had a baby by vaginal birth. Also, if instructions aren't followed properly you could end up pregnant
Best Options:
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Anatomy of the male & female reproductive systems including all relevant structures:
Male:
Testes:
Intersitial Cells
Seminiferous Tubules
Sustentacular cells
Spermatogonia
Primary Spermatocytes
Secondary Spermatocytes
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The functions of each of the organs the male & female reproductive systems:
Make gametes & site of sperm production
Produce testosterone
Production of germ cells
Junctions of blood testis barrier
Diploid cells undergo Mitosis
Diploid I undergoing Meiosis I
Haploid Meiosis I undergoing Spermatogenesis
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Anatomy of the male & female reproductive systems including all relevant structures:**
Female:
Uterus:
Myometrium
Endometrium
Cervix
Uterine Tubes
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The functions of each of the organs the male & female reproductive systems:
Nurturing the fertilized ovum that develops into the fetus and holding it till the baby is mature enough for birth
Contracts during menstruations & contraction during birth
Site of implantation
Maintains fetus within the uterus
Site of fertilization
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The events of the uterine/ovarian cycles:*
Menstrual Phase:
Days 1–4-Menstruation occur
Follicular Phase:
Days 5-13 -Follicle matures & endometrium develops
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Major contraceptive methods, how they work to prevent pregnancy, & their potential side effects:*
Birth Control Pills:
Contain estrogen & progesterone which prevent pregnancy. Can cause menstrual changes & mood swings.
Diaphragm:
Prevents sperm from entering the uterus. Doesn't prevent STI's can cause vaginal infections
Birth Control Patch:
Contains estrogen and progestogen prevents the release of an egg each month. Can cause blood clots
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Background:
Upstream Causes:
Downstream Effects: