Nonvascular Plants : Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts
Concepts
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Plants traditionally divided into
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Nonvascular Plants
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- neither vascular tissue or seeds
Vascular Cryptogams
Spermatophytes
Liverworts
Hornwots
Mosses
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- Vascular Tissue but no seeds
scouring rushes
ferns
clubmosses
Both vascular tissue and seeds
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Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Cyads
Characteristics of Nonvascular Plants
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Embryophytes
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No vascular Tissue
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Hetermorphic Generations
Sportophyte & Gametophyte differ Structurally
Multicellular
Gametangia
Sporangia
Surrounded by one/several layers of sterile cells
almost exclusively terrestrial
Cuticle Over Much of Their Body
Many Have Stomata
Classification of Nonvascular Plants
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Differ in significant
3 Instincts Divisions
Many Features in common
Not known how closely related
Bryophyta
Anthocerotae
Hepatophyta
Liverworts
Hornworts
Mosses
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The Gametophyte Generation
Small inconspicuous
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Grow on Moist Soil
Hidden by Grasses/Herbs
May be shaped like ribbon or heart
Or grow irregularly forming a disk
Parenchymatous
Succulent but brittle
Winter annulas
Live less than 1 year
After fertilization divides longitudally
Foot embedded in gametophere
No Seta
or discrete sporangium
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Meristem just above the foot
Produces new sporangium