Nonvascular Plants : Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts

Concepts

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Plants traditionally divided into

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Nonvascular Plants

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  1. neither vascular tissue or seeds

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Vascular Cryptogams

Spermatophytes

Liverworts

Hornwots

Mosses

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  1. Vascular Tissue but no seeds

scouring rushes

ferns

clubmosses

Both vascular tissue and seeds

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Gymnosperms

Angiosperms

Cyads

Characteristics of Nonvascular Plants

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Embryophytes

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No vascular Tissue

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Hetermorphic Generations

Sportophyte & Gametophyte differ Structurally

Multicellular

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Gametangia

Sporangia

Surrounded by one/several layers of sterile cells

almost exclusively terrestrial

Cuticle Over Much of Their Body

Many Have Stomata

Classification of Nonvascular Plants

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Differ in significant

3 Instincts Divisions

Many Features in common

Not known how closely related

Bryophyta

Anthocerotae

Hepatophyta

Liverworts

Hornworts

Mosses

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The Gametophyte Generation

Small inconspicuous

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Grow on Moist Soil

Hidden by Grasses/Herbs

May be shaped like ribbon or heart

Or grow irregularly forming a disk

Parenchymatous

Succulent but brittle

Winter annulas

Live less than 1 year

After fertilization divides longitudally

Foot embedded in gametophere

No Seta

or discrete sporangium

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Meristem just above the foot

Produces new sporangium