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Chapter 6 ((key words (homologous chromosomes (are chromosomes that are…

- - - - are chromosomes that are similar
    - - when a cell contains 2 sets of chromosomes
    - - when it contains 1 set of chromososmes
        
        fusion between 2 haploids is fertilization
    - - is a fertilized egg cell
    - - are chromosomes that dont decide gender
    - - determines the sex of the individual
    - - a photo of the chromosomes in a dividing cells that shows the chromosomes arranged by size
    - - celular growth and division
    - - first phase of cell cycle
    - - the process where the nucleus divides
    - - cytoplasm divides
    - - a desease that grows uncontrolably
    - - cells structures that are made from centrioles
- - - - prophase
        
        chromosomes coil up and become visible, spindle forms and nuclear envelope dissolves
      - metaphase
        
        chromosomes move to the center and spindle fibers link the chromatids of each chromosome to opposite poles
      - anaphase
        
        centromeres divide and chromatids move to opposite poles as the spindlefibers attached to the shorten
      - telophase
        
        nuclear envelope forms arround chromosomes in each pole and spindle disappear
    - - the cell is divided in half and make 2 ganetically equal cells
    - - First Grow G1
        
        Cell Grows rapidly
      - Synthesis S
        
        Cell DNA gets copied and chromosomes appear
      - Second Growth G2
        
        preparations for the nucleus to divide
- - - - DNA is encoded into genes
        
        DNA turn into Chromosomes
        
        a mix of DNA and proteins
        
        chromatids
        
        Chromatids are the 2 exact copies of DNA that make a chromosome
        
        and the point where they are attached together is a centromere
        
        a gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a protein or RNA molecule
        
        determines how the body developes and functions
    - - Gametes are an organisms reproductive cells
        
        eggs
        
        sperm
        
        all the information is stored in the DNA
        
        determines what the cell is going to do
        
        somatic cells
        
        each human somatic cell has a set of 23 chromosomes
        
        that come from the parents 23 from each parent
        
        in total 46 pairs of chromosomes
        
        23 from the dad and 23 from the mom
        
        chromosomes can vary depending on the animal
        
        If humans have one more chromosome or less than its supposed to have then tha person could have
        
        deformetes
        
        3 more items...
        
        other aspects that make them different
        
        2 more items...
        
        the risk of this is higher the older the mom is
        
        1 more item...
        
        how to know if the baby will be normal
        
        1 more item...
    - - in bacteria they have another tipe of cell division
        
        they reproduce by binary diffusion
        
        is a form of asexual reproduction
        
        that produces an identical offspring
        
        and have the same DNA
        
        DNA gets copied so the cells have the same genetic information
        
        and then they divide