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ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING QUALITATIVE DATA (Steps in Analyzing and…
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING QUALITATIVE DATA
Steps in Analyzing and Processing Qualitative Data
Reading Through the Data to Understand the General Sense
Coding the Data by Assigning Text Segments Into Code Labels
Preparing Data for Analysis (e.g. transcribing field-notes
Coding the Data for Themes That Are Going to be Used in the Research
Collecting Data
Coding the Data for Description
Using Codes to Build Descriptions and Themes
Descriptions: a detailed rendering of people, places, or events in a setting in
qualitative research
Themes: a major idea in the database that form a core element in qualitative data analysis which have
labels that typically consist of no more than two to four words
Preparing and Organizing Data
Analyze Data by Hand or Computer
Hand analysis: reading, marking, and dividing the data into parts
Computer analysis: using a qualitative data analysis program to help storing, analyzing, sorting, and representing or visualizing data
Transcribe Data: converting audiotapes or field-notes into text data
Organize data into folders or computer files
Advancing Validation for the Accuracy of the Findings
Member checking: the researcher asks one or more participants in the study to check the accuracy of the account
External audit: a researcher hires or obtains the services of an individual outside the study to review different aspects of the research
Triangulation: corroborating evidence from different individuals (e.g., a principal and a student), types of data (e.g., observational fieldnotes and interviews), or methods of data collection (e.g., documents and interviews) in descriptions and themes in qualitative research
Making an Interpretation of Qualitative Findings
Convey personal reflections
Make comparisons to the literature
Summarize findings
State limitations of the study and offer suggestions for future research
Exploring and Coding the Data
Explore the general sense of the data: reading the data several times and immersing one's self in the details to get the sense of the interview as a whole before breaking it into parts
Code the data: segmenting and labeling the text to form descriptions and broad themes in the data
Constructing a Representation and Reporting Qualitative Findings
Reporting findings: authors summarize, in detail, the findings from their data analysis through a narrative discussion
Representing findings
Develop a hierarchical tree diagram
Create a comparison table
Present figures
Draw a map
Develop a demographic table