UNIT 3: REFERENCE AND SENSE

Referent
Đối tượng/ vật sở chỉ

is an object or an entity in the real world or in the world of your imagination, that is talked about

Reference/ Linguistic expression
Quan hệ sở chỉ

is the relationship between that word or expression and the thing, the action, the event, the quality... it refers to.

Sense
Nét nghĩa

Declarative sentencesPhát ngôn

are simply statement that relay information

states the facts or an opinion and let the reader know something specific. It always ends with a period.

A word's referent is the object which it stands for on a specific occasion of use

changes each time the word is applied to a different object or situation

the general meaning or the concept underlying the word.

A word's sense does not change every time the word takes on a new referent

Types of reference

Variable reference

the same expression may refer to different objects

Personal pronoun: I, you, he, him

Adv of place/ time: here, there, today, yesterday, at the station

Demonstrative adj and pronoun: this, that, these, those, mine

Article: a, an, the

Possessive adj: my, your, his her, Vy's

Co-reference

different expressions refer to the same object

Morning star vs Evening star

HCM city vs Saigon

Constant reference

one expression always refers to the same object (regardless who is a speaker)

Proper name, especially geography name

Unique things