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ISSUES IN INDIVIDUAL VARIATIONS (Diversity (Learning Approaches) (Group…
ISSUES IN INDIVIDUAL VARIATIONS
Diversity (Learning Approaches)
Group Differences
Prejudice
Discrimination
Stereotypes
Culture
Ethnicity
Language
Socioeconomic status
Individual Differences
Cognitive Styles and Learning Preferences
Cognitive styles
Cognitive ability
Intelligence
Gardner's multiple intelligence theory
Spearman's single trait theory
Sternberg's triarchic theory
Temperament & Personality
Learning preferences
Exceptionalities
Learning disability
Emotional/behavioural disorders
Intellectual disabilities
Multiple disabilities
Development disorders
Giftedness
Sensory & Physical Impairments
How to teach students with different ability
Group differences
ability grouping
Within class
Joplin plan
Between class
Multi-age
Individual Differences
Individual Planning
Individualised Education Programme (IEP)
State/ government/ private structured planning
Role of teachers
Modify instructions and collaborate with parents
Develop acceptance and belongingness
Pre-referral process (Identification)
Classroom Management
Procedure
Rules
Collaborating with Parents and Other Teachers
Principles for collaborating
Plan parents' cooperation from the start
Collaborate with other teachers
Intervening with Problem Behaviors : Communication & Strategies
Use descriptive language
Show assertiveness
Establish problem ownership
Differential reinforcement
Ignoring minor misbehaviors
Cueing
Contingency contracting
Group-oriented contingency contracting
Behaviourist strategies
Cognitive strategies
Individual retention
Problem-solving conference (Group intervention)
Conflict resolution
Peer meditation (pair or group intervention)
Sociogonitive Strategies
Self-instruction
Self-regulation cycle
Performance phase
Self-reflection phase
Forethought phase
Goal setting
Self-regulation focus