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Reproductive System (Disorders of the reproductive system (Chalamydia and…
Reproductive System
Disorders of the reproductive system
Chalamydia and gonorrhea- 15% of all American women who are infertile can attribute it to tubal damage casued by pelvic inflammatory disease. PID is an infection of the uterus , Fallopian tubes and other reproductive organs.
HPV- HPV infection resulting in penile or anal cancers are rare.
Genital herpes- It can be thought of as skin infection of the mouth and/or genitals and it doesn't usually have severe health consequences . The herpes virus stays in your body forever but doesn't usually interfere with a woman's ability to become pregnant.
HIV- HIV can be passed between a mother and child during labor,and later through breastfeeding
Events of the female hormonal cycles
Ovulation is the release of a mature egg from the surface of the ovary. Usually occurs mid-cycle , around two weeks or so before the menstruation starts.
The follicular phase starts on the first day of menstruation and ends with ovulation. Prompted by the hypothalamus , the pituitary gland releases follicle stimulating hormone. This hormone stimulates the ovary to produce around 5 follicles (tiny nodules or cysts).
Menstruation is the elimination of the thickened lining of the uterus from the body through the vagina. Menstrual fluid contains blood, cells from the lining of the uterus and mucus . The average is between 3-5 days.
Anatomy Of the male and female reproductive structures and their functions
The major internal organs of the female reproductive system include the vagina and uterus which act as the receptacle for semen and the ovaries, which produce the female's ova. The vagina is attached to the uterus through the cervix, while the fallopian tubes connect the uterus to the ovaries.
The male reproductive system consist of 2 major parts : the testes , where sperm are produced , and the penis . the penis and urethra belong to both the urinary and reproductive systems in males. The testes are carried in an external pouch known as the scrotum, where they normally remain slightly cooler than body temperature to facilitate sperm production
Major functions of the Reproductive System
The female reproductive system is designed to carry out several functions. It produces the female egg cells necessary for reproduction, called the ova or oocytes . The system is designed to transport the ovate the site of fertilization.
The organs of the male reproductive system are specialized for three primary functions : to produce, maintain, transport, and nourish sperm, and semen. To discharge sperm within the female reproductive tract. To produce and secrete male sex hormones.
Hormones of the reproductive system
Male
Testosterone- stimulates reproduction organ develop and sex drive
Inhibin- released by the testes when high levels of testosterone are present to stop production go LH and FSH.
Follicle stimulating hormones (FSH) - sperm production and maturation , inhibition
Leutinizing hormones (LH)- stimulates seminiferous tube to secrete testosterone
Female
Leutinizing hormones(LH)- spike will trigger ovulation of the most mature follicle
Inhibin- decrease release of FSH by anterior pituitary gland
Follicle stimulating hormones (FSH)- development and maturation of primary follicle into secondary follicle
Gonadotropin releasing hormones ( GnRh)- released by the hypothalamus to stimulate anterior pituitary gland and release LH and FSH.
Estrogen- primary female sex hormone released by follicle
Progesterone- suppression of the hypothalamus from releasing GnRh