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Reproductive System (Hormones (Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH):…
Reproductive System
Hormones
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH): produced in the anterior pituitary. The target organ in the males is the testes and stimulates the development of sperm. The target organ in the female is the ovaries and stimulates the follicle in the ovary.
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Luteinizing hormone (LH): LH is produced in the anterior pituitary. It acts on the interstitial cells in the male to secrete testosterone. In the female, it acts on the ovary and causes ovulation of the egg from the follicle.
hypothalamus: produces gonadotropin releasing-hormone which stimulates the anterior pituitary, telling it when to secrete FSH and LH.
Estrogen: this is produced by the follicle cells produced for the egg and acts on the endometrial lining of the uterus. The lining proliferates, becomes thicker and more vascular, enabling it to nourish a fetus. Estrogen also affects the development of secondary sex characteristics.
Progesterone: this is produced in the ovary and targets the uterine lining. It maintains the thickness form the monthly cycle or a pregnancy. Progesterone also affects the development of secondary sex characteristics.
Disorders:
epididymitis: inflammation of the epididymis, usually caused by a pathogenic organism such as gonococcus, streptococcus, or staphylococcus. frequently occurs with urinary tract or prostate infection, mumps, or STDs
orchitis: inflammation of the tests, usually caused by mumps, pathogens, or injury. can lead to atrophy of testes and cause sterility
Prostatic Hypertrophy and Cancer
also called hyperplasia, is an enlargement of prostate gland common in men over age 50
Testicular Cancer: occuse most frequently in men from ages 20-35; highly malignant form of cancer and can metastasize rapidly
Breast Tumors: a lump or mass in the breast tissue, a change in breast size or shape, and a discharge from the nipple
Female Reproductive
Function: produce sex hormones, to produce eggs, and to provide a nourishing environment
Structures
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Ovulation: Once puberty begins, one of the ovaries releases a ripened egg about once every month.
Uterus: This is a hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ.
Vagina: This is a hollow, muscular passage leaning from the uterus to the outside of the body.
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Male Reproductive
Function: Produces sperm cells needed to make a human-includes the scrotum, testes ,and penis
Structure:
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Prostate gland: Secretes a milky, alkaline fluid the mixes with sperm and helps neutralize the acid found in the urethra
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