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Reproductive System (Major functions of the Reproductive system; (To…
Reproductive System
Major functions of the
Reproductive system;
To transport and sustain these cells
To nurture the developing offspring
To produce egg and sperm cells
To produce hormones
hormones of the
reproductive system;
Luteinising hormone (LH) stimulating the release of the egg.
Oestrogen and progesterone are involved in maintaining the uterus lining.
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), causing maturation of an egg in the ovary.
Sex hormones are responsible for driving sexual development (puberty). The main reproductive hormones are oestrogen and testosterone.
Events of the female hormonal cycles
the follicular phase
The follicular phase starts on the first day of menstruation and ends with ovulation. Prompted by the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland releases follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).
ovulation
Ovulation is the release of a mature egg from the surface of the ovary. This usually occurs mid-cycle, around two weeks or so before menstruation starts.
Menstruation
Menstruation is the elimination of the thickened lining of the uterus (endometrium) from the body through the vagina. Menstrual fluid contains blood, cells from the lining of the uterus (endometrial cells) and mucus.
Luteal phase
If a fertilised egg implants in the lining of the uterus, it produces the hormones that are necessary to maintain the corpus luteum. This includes human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), the hormone that is detected in a urine test for pregnancy
Anatomy of male and female reproductive structures;
male
Penis
This is the male organ used in sexual intercourse. It has three parts: the root, which attaches to the wall of the abdomen; the body, or shaft; and the glans, which is the cone-shaped part at the end of the penis.
Testicles
These are oval organs about the size of large olives that lie in the scrotum, secured at either end by a structure called the spermatic cord. Most men have two testes.
Scrotum
This is the loose pouch-like sac of skin that hangs behind and below the penis. It contains the testicles (also called testes), as well as many nerves and blood vessels.
Female
Uterus
The uterus is a hollow, pear-shaped organ that is the home to a developing fetus
Ovaries:
The ovaries are small, oval-shaped glands that are located on either side of the uterus. The ovaries produce eggs and hormones
Vagina
The vagina is a canal that joins the cervix (the lower part of uterus) to the outside of the body.
Fallopian tubes
These are narrow tubes that are attached to the upper part of the uterus and serve as tunnels for the ova (egg cells) to travel from the ovaries to the uterus.
disorders of the reproductive system.
Endometriosis.
is an often painful disorder in which tissue similar to the tissue that normally lines the inside of your uterus — the endometrium — grows outside your uterus.
Uterine Fibroids.
are noncancerous growths of the uterus that often appear during childbearing years
Gynecologic Cancer.
is any cancer that starts in a woman's reproductive organs.
HIV/AIDS.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). By damaging your immune system, HIV interferes with your body's ability to fight infection and disease
Interstitial Cystitis.
is a chronic condition causing bladder pressure, bladder pain and sometimes pelvic pain. The pain ranges from mild discomfort to severe pain.
Reproductive System
By Jose Arcos
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