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IQ (Soulieres et al. (2011) (Level and nature of autistic intelligence,…

- - - - Creative problem solving vs control (3-4hrs/wk)
      - IQ raised av. 8 points
      - Stankov (1986)
  - - - What words mean
      - Point based correct answers
      - Not just measuring potential but also what has been learnt
    - - Picture concepts/matrix reasoning/block design
      - Matrix reasoning - four boxes (fluid intelligence rather than crystallised)
      - Block design - showing pattern, given blocks, mimic pattern
      - Ravens Progressive Matrices
        
        = ONLY matrix
        
        Neurotypicals = correlated w/ school
        
        However what is this measuring compared to other tests?
    - - Digit span/leter numbering sequencing
    - - Coding/symbol search
- - - - Case - child A referred to Ed Psych because not to be following instructions in class
      - IQ profile - verbal comprehension in typical range but some working memory sub-scales in 'impaired' range (e.g. attention/inability to hold info) vs. verbal comprehension in impaired range (lang issues)
    - - E.g. visual patterns area of strength in autism; lang comprehension area of weakness
      - ASD
        
        Visual patterns as strength?
        
        YES
        
        Joseph et al. (2002) - patterns across subclass > block design = strength in ASD (higher than overall IQ)
        
        Dickerson et al. (2003)
        
        ASD & Low IQ > peaks on block design (patterns) but also information (general knowledge)
        
        ASD & High IQ (typical) > peaks on information sub-test (general knowledge)
        
        Vary to degree depending on overall composite
        
        NO & YES
        
        Not for block design but yes for picture arrangement (also visuo-spatial)
        
        Charman et al. (2010)
        
        No clear peace across all studies
        
        Profile analyses
        
        Tell us things we don't already know?
        
        Difficulties with lang comprehension
        
        Peculiarities in visual processing (WCC)
      - Use info from test in order to diagnose from differences
      - ADHD
        
        WISC IV - poorer on freedom from distractibility/working memory and processing speed than on mean verbal comprehension + perceptual organisation index
        
        Dickerson et al. (2006) - consistent for ALL 188 ADHD sample
        
        High-functioning children on ASD spectrum
        
        Lower on verbal comprehension & vocabulary
        
        Higher on block design than were ADHD (Koyama et al., 2006)
- - - - Yes - phonemic segmentation, phonological coding, etc
      - Yes - self concept (important)
      - No - Full scale IQ (by definition)
    - - Verbal IQ
        
        Difficulties in late adolescence - reading, drug abuse, anxiety disorder, social participation, self-esteem
        
        Particularly fourths children with receptive lang difficulties
        
        Impaired range at 5/6 yrs
      - Non-verbal
        
        Impaired at 5 yrs
        
        Less likely to have satisfying close friendships at 16 yrs & clinical depression/behavioural difficulties more likely
        
        Would think irrelevant but not the case
    - - Gains in adaptive scores only for those with IQ in neuro-typical range (Ben-Itchak et al., 2014)
      - However, clear cases of individuals with high IQ but very poor adaptive outcome (Farely et al., 2009)
      - IQ in childhood has predictive value, in conjunction with childhood autism severity measures (Eaves & Ho, 2008)