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Life events
underlying factors of
writing Deschooling Society
(Sohn, 2019)
half-Jewish
Illich's resistance to society
Deschooling Society
1971
Development decade
(Sohn, 2019)
Alliance for Progress,
Peace Corps
(1961)
US president Kennedy
Catholic Church
Illich
workshops and seminars on sending volunteers to poor countries (Cayley, 1992)
to make people think about the unwanted side effects of development (Cayley, 1992)
"I wanted to look at what volunteers in development did in a completely different light" (Cayley, 1992)
making the professional state of northern countries into the norm of South America (Cayley, 1992)
sending missionary to South America
CIDOC
CIF / CIDOC,
the center of resistance to industrialism (Sohn, 2019)
education,
school system,
schooling
After Deschooling, What?
1973
response to the criticism of deshooling
Opportunity web (network)
Learning webs
Recent studies on Illich's thought
not rash and uncritical
deestablishment of school system
Tools for Conviviality
1973
Disabling Professions
1977
industrialized society
industrial mode of production
corrupt use of tools
conviviality,
convivial society,
convivial use of tools
tools (institutions, systems)
counterproductivity
dimensional analysis of overgrowth of tools
dominant and disabling professions
Illich's message
technological society
institutionalization of values
modernized monopoly
phenomeology of school
illusion of school
myths of school
institutional spectrum
Epimethean Man
refusal of school admission
schooling experiences after the age 15
post-professional ethos
analysis of a triadic relationship
between persons, tools and a new collectivity
hope
(Yamamoto, 2009)
new and different perspectives
on our life, society
recovery of humans' ability
to fend for themselves
current educational development pratices
new perspectives(approaches)
on development
deschooling society
"the avowed purpose was to subvert the contemporary crusade for international development and discourage the sending of volunteers to what were then called developing countries" (Cayley, 1992)
in the late 1970s
Banerjee & Duflo
가난한 사람들을 상투적인 개념으로
단순화하는 버릇에서 벗어나기
counterfoil research
political inversion
educational transformation (cite)
the use / application of OW
to educational design / practices (cite)
educational development (EFA)
autonomous action
priest
(Zaldívar, 2015)
theology, 교회학, 사회 현상 연구, 의례행위 분석
(Cayley, 1992)
Education = New World Religion
Deschooling = Secularization
"교육 받기 위해 학교에 나간다는 생각은 아주 천천히 생겨났다.
나는 코메니우스를 그 시초로 본다." (Cayley, 1992)
학교제도는 모든 사람이 효과적으로 가르침을 받는 조직이다.
그렇게 코메니우스는 교육학을 만들어냈다. (Yamamoto, 2009)
subsistence 자급자족
(Yamamoto, 2009)
development goals
MDGs
SDGs
Universal Primary Education
almost all of the areas in education
quality education & lifelong learning opportunities
(특히 한국) 개별 프로젝트 위주, 지속성 부족
ICT 보급
과연 어떤 의미?
existing development debates
aid effectiveness
(2000s)
effective development cooperation (2010)
development effectiveness
post development theory
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Arturo Escobar
conviviality
convivial use of tools
일리치와 어떤 연결성?
lifelong learning (cite)
pre-primary education
primary education
secondary education
tertiary education
educational facilities
scholarship
teacher training
1961년 개발의 시대가 시작되었을 때
일리치는 이미 알고 있었고 저항했다.
vernacular culture in Latin America
Sachs
Easterly
micro-macro paradox
alienation, leisure
detailed understanding of people 's life in developing countries
수혜국의 오만을 경제학적으로(계량적으로) 풀어냄
Cuba's education system
학교와 지역공동체 (정진상, 2011)
SDGs report 2019
"그가 주장했던 방향의 근본적인 변화가 가능한 시점을 지나쳐버렸다는 것을 알게 됨" (Cayley, 2010; Sohn, 2019)
lack of minimum proficiency in reading and mathematics
poor school facilities in sub-Saharan Africa
illiterate adults
out-of-school children
gender inequality in education
effect of aid on (economic) growth
MDGs report 2015
91%, primary school net enrolment rate in developing regions
decreasing number of out-of-school children of primary school age
sub-Saharan Africa's improvement in primary education
global increase of literacy rate
Cuba's heavy investment to good-quality and empowering education system to overcome poverty, ignorance and underdevelopment (Tran, 2019)
지역공동체 외의 연결고리?