Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

:factory: CHAPTER 7 INCINERATION TECHNOLOGY :factory: …

- - - - More controlled form of private waste incineration, containing the burning material inside a metal barrel, with a metal grating over the exhaust
    - - It used by municipalities and by large industrial plant
      - In primary chamber, there is conversion of solid fraction to gases
      - In secondary chamber is necessary to complete gas phase combustion reactions
      - Uniform contact of waste with air ensuring complete combustion
    - - Or burn pit is one of the simplest and earliest forms of waste disposal
      - Essentially consisting of a mound of combustible materials piled
      - Suitable for small quantity and remote location
      - Disadvantanges: high health risk, no air pollution control and fire hazard
    - - Air is blown at high pressure and high velocity over a sand bed
      - The air gets going through the bed when a point come where sand granules separates and let air pass through them and here comes the part of mixing
      - Small feed rate of waste to ensure combustion efficiency
    - - Lined with the brick while lower or ash pit is made up of metal
      - Has an opening at the top and for loading purpose
    - - Furniture factory sawdust incinerators need much attention as these have to handle resin powder and many flammable substances
      - Controlled combustion, burn back prevention systems when suspended resembles the fire catch
    - - This grate capable for hauling waste from combustion chamber to give way for complete and effective combustion
      - Single grate can handle up to 35 metric tons per hours with 1 months maintenance
      - This type used for treating MSW
- - - - :star: Takes several hours to complete
        :star: Bio-Char as main product
    - - :star: Takes 2 seconds
        :star: Flash Pyrolysis
        :star: Most Widely Used
        :star: Temperatures between 300 – 550 Celsius
        :star: Char accumulates quickly
  - - - Has around half of the energy of natural gas
      - Immediate combustion of the syngas eliminates most of the noxious elements
      - Made up of carbon monoxide, and hydrogen (85%) with smaller amounts of carbon dioxide and methane
    - - Upgraded to either a special engine fuel or through gasification processes
      - Vital source for a wide range of organic compounds and speciality chemicals
      - Not suitable for direct use
    - - Used in agriculture for soil amendment
      - increases the soil’s ability to retain water, nutrients and agricultural chemicals
      - As coal replacement in certain combustion process
- - - - Consist of two major component; primary and secondary combustion chamber
      - Primary chamber: waste is gasified by partial combustion
      - Also refers as Modular Combustion Unit (MCU)
      - Secondary chamber: gas from primary chamber will be combusted with excess air
    - - The fuel is fluidized in oxygen and steam or air
      - The ash is removed dry or as heavy agglomerates that defluidize
      - Fuel throughput is higher than for the fixed bed
    - - It requires a uniform, homogeneous fuel such as densified refuse-derived fuel (RDF)
      - Fuel flow through the gasifier by gravity, with air and fuel
      - Possible to operate in counter-current