elderly male, stomach cancer, feeding tube in alimentary canal, gall bladder removed

Background information

upstream causes

downstream effects

physiology of each organ

anatomy of digestive tract

nutrients needed by the body

enzymes

small intestine

colon

stomach

body

pylorus

rugae

sphincter

jejunum

ileum

duodenum

transverse colon

descending colon

ascending colon

sigmoid colom

cecum

rectum

small intestine

large intestine

stomach

anus

esophagus

liver

mouth

gallbladder

pancreas

25-30 cm long

C- shaped

continuation of pylorus

attached to posterior abdominal wall by mesentery

begins at duodenojejunal flexure

distal part of small intestine

double layer of peritoneum

opens to large intestine

last part of small intestine

11.5 feet long

pouch like

between ascending colon and appendix

8 inches long

small pouches along the walls to increase it surface area

longest part of colon

runs horizontal

splenic flexure to sigmoid colon

stores remains of digested food

25-40 cm

s shaped

lower gastrointestinal tract

10-15 cm

surface of stomach

series of ridges

main part

fundic glands

connects to small intestine

includes pyloric sphincter

thick ring of muscle

valve to empty stomach contents

produces enzymes thatbreak down sugars, fats, proteins, starches

endocrine function that regulates blood sugar

chewing breaks down food

saliva chemically breaks down food

undergoes peristalsis

delivers food to stomach

mixer and grinder of food

acid and enzymes break down food

90% of digestion occurs here

absorption of nutrients and minerals from food

absorb water, minerals, remaining nutrients

leftover waste into bowl movement

control over bowl movements

contains sphincter muscles

process the nutrients absorbed from small intestine

bile production

holds bile produced

concentrates bile

organs that dont participate in degestion

chemicals and enzymes not getting added to food

what's being bypassed

what occurs

impact

dietary fiber

minerals

fats

proteins

carbohydrates

vitamins

water

pepsin

pancreatic lipase

amylase

produced in the mouth

breaks down large starch molecules to smaller sugar molecules

produced in stomach

breaks down proteins into amino acids

produced in the pancreas

breaks apart fats

deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease

produced in pancreas

break bonds in nucleic acids

stomach

duodenum

esophagus

esophagus, stomach, duodenum

gallbladder

since he got it taken out

because of the feeding tube

maltase

lactase

sucrase

intestinal lipase

peptidases

diarrhea

constipation

vomiting

bloated feeling

indegestion

diet

he will need extra nutrients via IV

soft, nutrient rich foods