elderly male, stomach cancer, feeding tube in alimentary canal, gall bladder removed
Background information
upstream causes
downstream effects
physiology of each organ
anatomy of digestive tract
nutrients needed by the body
enzymes
small intestine
colon
stomach
body
pylorus
rugae
sphincter
jejunum
ileum
duodenum
transverse colon
descending colon
ascending colon
sigmoid colom
cecum
rectum
small intestine
large intestine
stomach
anus
esophagus
liver
mouth
gallbladder
pancreas
25-30 cm long
C- shaped
continuation of pylorus
attached to posterior abdominal wall by mesentery
begins at duodenojejunal flexure
distal part of small intestine
double layer of peritoneum
opens to large intestine
last part of small intestine
11.5 feet long
pouch like
between ascending colon and appendix
8 inches long
small pouches along the walls to increase it surface area
longest part of colon
runs horizontal
splenic flexure to sigmoid colon
stores remains of digested food
25-40 cm
s shaped
lower gastrointestinal tract
10-15 cm
surface of stomach
series of ridges
main part
fundic glands
connects to small intestine
includes pyloric sphincter
thick ring of muscle
valve to empty stomach contents
produces enzymes thatbreak down sugars, fats, proteins, starches
endocrine function that regulates blood sugar
chewing breaks down food
saliva chemically breaks down food
undergoes peristalsis
delivers food to stomach
mixer and grinder of food
acid and enzymes break down food
90% of digestion occurs here
absorption of nutrients and minerals from food
absorb water, minerals, remaining nutrients
leftover waste into bowl movement
control over bowl movements
contains sphincter muscles
process the nutrients absorbed from small intestine
bile production
holds bile produced
concentrates bile
organs that dont participate in degestion
chemicals and enzymes not getting added to food
what's being bypassed
what occurs
impact
dietary fiber
minerals
fats
proteins
carbohydrates
vitamins
water
pepsin
pancreatic lipase
amylase
produced in the mouth
breaks down large starch molecules to smaller sugar molecules
produced in stomach
breaks down proteins into amino acids
produced in the pancreas
breaks apart fats
deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease
produced in pancreas
break bonds in nucleic acids
stomach
duodenum
esophagus
esophagus, stomach, duodenum
gallbladder
since he got it taken out
because of the feeding tube
maltase
lactase
sucrase
intestinal lipase
peptidases
diarrhea
constipation
vomiting
bloated feeling
indegestion
diet
he will need extra nutrients via IV
soft, nutrient rich foods