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Stress and Health (Health (Lazarus, Richard (Religion, Culture, Social…
Stress and Health
Health
Immune System: the system of
cells, organs, and chemicals of the body
that responds to attacks from
diseases, infection and injuries
Lazarus, Richard
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Social Support System: the network of family, friends, neighbors, coworkers, and others who can offer support, comfort, or aid to a person in need
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Factors
Personality Factors:
Personality Types
Type C: pleasant but repressed person who tends to internalize his or her anger and anxiety and who finds expressing emotions difficult
Type B: person who is relaxed and laid-back, less driven and competitive than type A, slow to anger
Type A: person who is ambitious, time conscious, extremely hardworking and tends to have high levels of hostility and anger as well as being easily annoyed
Hardy Personality: a person who seems to thrive on stress but lacks the anger and hostility of the type A personality
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Sociocultural Factors:
Pressure: the psychological experience
produced by urgent demands or expectations
for a person's behavior that come from and outside source
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Cognitive Factors:
General Adaption Syndrome: three stages of the body's physiological reaction to stress, including alarm, resistance and exhaustion
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Types of Stress
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Eustress: the effect of positive events, or the optimal amount of stress that people need to promote health and well-being
Stressors
Environmental Stressors:
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College Undergraduate Stress Scale (CUSS): assessment that measures the amount of stress in a college student's life over a 1-year period resulting from the major life events
Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS): assessment that measures the amount if stress in a person's life over a 1-year period resulting from major life events
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Coping
Factors
Primary Appraisal: the first step
in assessing stress which involves
estimating the severity of a
stressor and classifying it as
either a threat or a challenge
Secondary Appraisal: the second step
in assessing a stressor, which involves
estimating the resources available to
the person for coping with the threat
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Strategies
Emotional Focused Coping: coping
strategies that change the impact
of stressor by changing the emotional
reaction to the stressor
Problem Focused Coping: coping
strategies that try to eliminate the source
of a stress or reduce its impact
through direct action