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GLAUCOMA glaucoma Link Title (Risk factors (Age, Ethnic background,…
GLAUCOMA
Link Title
Definition
This is a group of eye conditions resulting in optic nerve damage which may cause loss of vision
Types of glaucoma
Acute-angle closure glaucoma
Causes
It occurs when the iris bulges forward to narrow or block the drainage angle formed by the cornea
Clinical manifestations
Pupil is vertical oval, fixed in a semi dilated position and unreactive to light and accommodation
Eye pain
Nausea and vomiting
Reddening of the eye
Definition
Obstruction in aqueous humor outflow due to the complete or partial closure of the angle from the forward shift of the peripheral iris to the trabecula
Chronic-open angle glaucoma
Causes
In primary open-angle glaucoma, the drainage angle formed by the cornea and the iris remains open , but the drainage channels in the angle are partially block
Clinical manifestations
ocular pains
Halos
Headcache
Tunnel vision in the advanced
Gradual loss of peripheral vision usually in both eyes
Definition
Usually bilateral but one eye may be more severely affected than the other and the anterior angle is open and appears as normal
Risk factors
Age
Ethnic background
Elevated internal eye pressure
Family history of glaucoma
Long term corticosteroids
Medical conditions
Complications
Tunnel vision
Total blindness
Blind spot in your peripheral vision
Diagnostic tests
Visual field test
Visual acuity
Test for optic nerve damage
Measuring cornea thickness
Measuring intraocular pressure
Pharmacological treatment
Prostaglandins Beta blockers
Oral medications
Eye drops
Miotic agents
Surgical management
Drainage implants
Laser surgery
FIltering surgery
Nursing intervention
To slow the progression of the glaucoma
Life long therapy
Doing surgical and medical management
Explain the nature of the disease to the patient
Health education
Treat elevated eye pressure
Eat a healthy diet
Tell patient to get regular eye care
Encourage to wear eye protection
