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Otosclerosis and Mastoiditis (*OTOSCLEROSIS (Pathophysiology (Progressive…
Otosclerosis and Mastoiditis
*OTOSCLEROSIS
Definition
A condition where stapes of the middle ear cannot move, mobility of the joints between the ossicles is reduced.
Pathophysiology
Progressive loss of stapes movement
Formation of a new, abnormal spongy bone
Fixes the stapes foot plate onto the oval window
Stapes become immobile
Conductive loss of hearing
Causes
Genetics
Infections
Autoimmune
Clinical Manifestations
Conductive or mixed hearing loss
Tinnitus
Normal external ear structures
Congenital speech and language problems
Nursing Management
Communicate with patient when there is speech and language problem
Refer patient for audometric testing
Mastoiditis
Definition
Infection and inflammation of the mastoid air cells as a result of recurrent chronic otitis media
Pathophysiology
Otitis media infection drains into the mastoid causing increased exudate
Excessive drainage from the mastoid cavity traverses through the middle ear
Drainage goes through the perforated tympanic membrane
Inflammatory process causes oedema and exudate
Pressure in the bony cavity increases
Clinical manifestations
Swelling and tenderness over the mastoid process
Severe pain
Discharge may profuse
Common findings
History or recurrent of otitis media
Otalgia
Ottorrheao
Impaired hearing
Protruding pinna
Nursing management
Combat infection
Administer analgesics to relive pain
Prepare for surgery if needed