Woman changes her eating habits to super healthy diet. Becomes vegan, eats nothing but organic and raw. Health keeps declining as she continues to take food out of diet.
Background Info
Nutrients
Macromolecule
A molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer.
4 Main types of Macromolecules
Proteins
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Most are derived from plants.
Exceptions: Lactose from milk and small amounts of glycogens from milk
Saturated fats from animal products
Unsaturated fats from nuts, seeds, and vegetables oil
Cholesterol from egg yolk, meats, and milk products
Complete Proteins contain all essential amino acids
Most are from animal products
Legumes and beans also have proteins, but are incomplete
A complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain
Types of carbohydrates
Disaccharides
Monosaccharides
Glycogen
Cellulose
Starch
undigestible source of bulk
Saturated fats
type of fat containing high proportion fatty acid molecules without double bonds, considered be less healthy in the diet than unsaturated fats.
Ex:
Eggs
Milk
Meats
excess saturated fats are a risk factor for Cv disease
Healthy fats and are important to include for diet
Ex
Nuts
Plant oil
Seeds
Cholesterol
waxy, fat-like substance that's found in all cells in your body
Amino Acid
Organic Compounds that combine to form proteins
Plus Vitamins
vitamins
def: Organic compounds required by the body in minute amounts
Most vitamins function as coenzymes
Coenzymes
Non protein substance associated with and activating and enzyme; typically a vitamin
Vitamins are either water soluble or fat soluble
Minerals
Inorganic chemical compounds found in nature, salts
Major inorganic minerals
Sulfur
Sodium
Potassium
Chlorine
Phosphorus
Magnesium
Calcium
Trace Elements
Cobalt
Zinc
Iodine
Fluorine
Copper
Selenium
Manganese
Chromium
Iron
Free ions
Cl-
Ca+2
Na+
Drastic change to diet
Obtaining wrong info on changing diet
Drastic change in diet
Too much vitamins
Blood shot/ yellow eyes
possible cause of jaundice
Jaundice happens when there is too much bilirubin
Diet can affect your body in many ways, including jaundice
also by B12 deffieceny
too mcuh B6 can lead to nerve damage
too much niacin can cause liver damage
live damge cause yelowing of the eye
RDA for healthy diet
Vitamins & Minerals
Women
Men
Potassium
Calcium
Vitamin C
Iron
Vitamin A
Potassium
Calcium
Vitamin C
Iron
Vitamin A
700 mcg/day
75 mg/day
4700 mg/day
1000-2000 mg/day
8 mg/day
900 mcg/day
90 mcg/day
4700 mg/day
1000-2000 mg/day
8 mg/day
Purpose
to inform others of how much of a specific nutrient your body needs on a daily basis
How nutrients are important for systems
Endocrine System
Nervous System
Cardiac System
Urinary System
Muscular system
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
foods containing amino acids are essential for bodily function
Amino acids help repair and grow new muscle fibers
Calcium C and Calcium D help strengthen bones and muscles
Digested carbohydrates cause insulin levels to rise
causing ATP to be carried to muscles around the body
nutrients give the muscles the ability to function quickly and properly
Unsaturated fats keeps cells nourished
Healthy fats prevent and reduce inflammation and function as a reserve fuel source when carbohydrates are depleted
Omegga 3 fatty acid
Vitamin B12
decrease inflammation
prevent blood clotting
Fiber
fiber protects against heart disease
Soluble fiber
Insoluble fiber
helps reduce cholesterol
Unsaturated fats
help development and maintenance of our cells
Lower ldl cholesterol and higher hdl cholesterol
Magnesium
helps maintain nerve and muscle function
keeps the heart rhythm steady & maintain BP
Vitamin D
Vitamin A
production of T3
cellular metabolism
hormone synthesis
support immune system
energy production
B Vitamins
proper functioning of processes in the nerves and brain
Minerals
modulate transmission of nervous stimuli
reduce nerve damage
effectiveness of neurotransmitters
Vitamin C
enhances acidity of the urine and stop growth of E. Coli
Water
Vitamin D
Boost immune system
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metabolic pathways
Homeostatic set points
Communication Pathways
Dietary protein, carbohydrates and fats supply both caloric energy and elements such as the amino acids that are used to form cells.
Compounds in dietary minerals and vitamins may act as hormones or catalysts in reactions needed for body functions, such as the regulation of blood pressure.
food enters body
metabolism begins
chemical reaction of food into components
deciding on what needs what will be distributed or stored
Glycolysis
glucose oxidant for obtaining ATP
fatty acid oxidation
fatty acids breakdown into acetyl-CoA to be used by the kerb's cycle
gluconeogenesis
glucose synthesis from the smaller percursors, to be used in the brain
not getting the nutrients that you need can result in body change
to little protein can cause the hair loss the patient is having