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Woman changes her eating habits to super healthy diet. Becomes vegan, eats…

- - - - A molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer.
      - 4 Main types of Macromolecules
        
        Proteins
        
        Complete Proteins contain all essential amino acids
        
        Amino Acid
        
        Organic Compounds that combine to form proteins
        
        Most are from animal products
        
        Legumes and beans also have proteins, but are incomplete
        
        Nucleic Acid
        
        A complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain
        
        Carbohydrates
        
        Most are derived from plants.
        
        Exceptions: Lactose from milk and small amounts of glycogens from milk
        
        Types of carbohydrates
        
        Disaccharides
        
        Monosaccharides
        
        Glycogen
        
        Cellulose
        
        undigestible source of bulk
        
        Starch
        
        Lipids
        
        Saturated fats from animal products
        
        Saturated fats
        
        type of fat containing high proportion fatty acid molecules without double bonds, considered be less healthy in the diet than unsaturated fats.
        
        Ex:
        
        Eggs
        
        Milk
        
        Meats
        
        excess saturated fats are a risk factor for Cv disease
        
        Unsaturated fats from nuts, seeds, and vegetables oil
        
        Healthy fats and are important to include for diet
        
        Ex
        
        Nuts
        
        Plant oil
        
        Seeds
        
        Cholesterol from egg yolk, meats, and milk products
        
        Cholesterol
        
        waxy, fat-like substance that's found in all cells in your body
    - - vitamins
        
        def: Organic compounds required by the body in minute amounts
      - Most vitamins function as coenzymes
        
        Coenzymes
        
        Non protein substance associated with and activating and enzyme; typically a vitamin
      - Vitamins are either water soluble or fat soluble
    - - Inorganic chemical compounds found in nature, salts
      - Major inorganic minerals
        
        Sulfur
        
        Sodium
        
        Potassium
        
        Chlorine
        
        Phosphorus
        
        Magnesium
        
        Calcium
      - Trace Elements
        
        Cobalt
        
        Zinc
        
        Iodine
        
        Fluorine
        
        Copper
        
        Selenium
        
        Manganese
        
        Chromium
        
        Iron
      - Free ions
        
        Cl-
        
        Ca+2
        
        Na+
    - - Vitamins & Minerals
        
        Women
        
        Potassium
        
        4700 mg/day
        
        Calcium
        
        1000-2000 mg/day
        
        Vitamin C
        
        75 mg/day
        
        Iron
        
        8 mg/day
        
        Vitamin A
        
        700 mcg/day
        
        Men
        
        Potassium
        
        4700 mg/day
        
        Calcium
        
        1000-2000 mg/day
        
        Vitamin C
        
        90 mcg/day
        
        Iron
        
        8 mg/day
        
        Vitamin A
        
        900 mcg/day
      - Purpose
        
        to inform others of how much of a specific nutrient your body needs on a daily basis
  - - - Vitamin B12
        
        cellular metabolism
        
        energy production
      - Vitamin D
      - Vitamin A
        
        production of T3
        
        hormone synthesis
        
        support immune system
    - - B Vitamins
        
        proper functioning of processes in the nerves and brain
      - Minerals
        
        modulate transmission of nervous stimuli
        
        reduce nerve damage
        
        effectiveness of neurotransmitters
    - - Omegga 3 fatty acid
        
        decrease inflammation
        
        prevent blood clotting
      - Fiber
        
        fiber protects against heart disease
        
        Soluble fiber
        
        helps reduce cholesterol
        
        Insoluble fiber
      - Unsaturated fats
        
        help development and maintenance of our cells
        
        Lower ldl cholesterol and higher hdl cholesterol
      - Magnesium
        
        helps maintain nerve and muscle function
        
        keeps the heart rhythm steady & maintain BP
    - - Vitamin C
        
        enhances acidity of the urine and stop growth of E. Coli
      - Water
      - Vitamin D
        
        Boost immune system
    - - Carbohydrates
        
        Digested carbohydrates cause insulin levels to rise
        
        causing ATP to be carried to muscles around the body
        
        nutrients give the muscles the ability to function quickly and properly
      - Fats
        
        Unsaturated fats keeps cells nourished
        
        Healthy fats prevent and reduce inflammation and function as a reserve fuel source when carbohydrates are depleted
      - Proteins
        
        foods containing amino acids are essential for bodily function
        
        Amino acids help repair and grow new muscle fibers
        
        Calcium C and Calcium D help strengthen bones and muscles
  - - - Glycolysis
        
        glucose oxidant for obtaining ATP
      - fatty acid oxidation
        
        fatty acids breakdown into acetyl-CoA to be used by the kerb's cycle
      - gluconeogenesis
        
        glucose synthesis from the smaller percursors, to be used in the brain
    - - Dietary protein, carbohydrates and fats supply both caloric energy and elements such as the amino acids that are used to form cells.
      - Compounds in dietary minerals and vitamins may act as hormones or catalysts in reactions needed for body functions, such as the regulation of blood pressure.
    - - food enters body
        
        metabolism begins
        
        chemical reaction of food into components
        
        deciding on what needs what will be distributed or stored
- - - - live damge cause yelowing of the eye
- - - - also by B12 deffieceny