Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chapter 9: Production and Management (Production processes and techniques…
Chapter 9: Production and Management
State of manufactoring and what have manufactorers have done to become competitive:
Current state of manufactoring in the US:
Activity in the nation's manufactoring sector declined since its height. Fewer jobs in manufactoring. Though they have become more productive, which means that they need fewer employees to od the same amount of work.
US manufactorers on achieving increased output:
They have increased output by emphasizing close relationships with suppliers and other companies to satisfy customer needs.
Evolution from production to operations management:
Production management:
It consists of all the activities managers to help their firms create goods. To reflect the change in importance from manufacturing to services, the term
production
is often replaced by the term operations.
Operations management:
It is the specialized area in management that converts or transforms resources, including human resources, into goods and services.
Firms that use operations managers:
Firms in both the manufactoring and service sectors use operations managers.
Production processes and techniques that improve productivity:
Process manufactoring vs. Assembly processes:
It physically or chemically changes materials. while assembly processes put together components.
How CAD/CAM systems work:
Design changes made in computer-aided design (CAD) are instantly incorporated into the computer-aided manufactoring (CAM) process. The liknking of CAD and CAM is computer-integrated manufactoring (CIM).
Flexible manufactoring:
It means designing machinese to produce a variety of products.
Lean manufactoring:
it is the production of goods using less of everything than in mass production: less human effort, less manufactoring space, less investment in tools, and less engineering time to develop a new product.
Customization:
Means making custom-diesigned goods and services for a large number of individual customers.
Robotics
: It can help make manufactorers more competitive since industrial robotics can work all the time with precision.
Operations management:
Facility location vs. facility layout:
Facility location is the process of selecting a geographical locations for a company's operation, while facility layout is the physical arrangement of resources, including people, to produce goods and services effectively and efficiently.
How managers evaluate different sites:
Labor costs and land costs have to do with it a lot. Other criteria include whether resources are plentiful and inexpensive, skilled workers are available or are trainable, etc.
What MRP and ERP have in common:
materials requirement planning (MRP) is a computer-based operation management system that uses sales forecasts to make sure the needed parts and materials are available at the right time. Enterprise resource planning (ERP), combines computerized functions of all the divisions into a single integrated software program that uses a single database.
Just-in.time (JIT) inventory control:
JIT needs suppliers to deliver parts and materials just in time to go on the assembly line so they don't have to be stored in warehouses.
Six Sigma quality:
It sets standards at just 3.4 defects per million opportunities and detects potential problems before they occur.