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Convulsive Conditions (Epilepsy) (Clinical manifestations (Prolonged…
Convulsive Conditions (Epilepsy)
Definition
; Epilepsy: disorder of the brain function characterised by recurrent seizures that have a sudden onset. Convulsions are involuntary contractions of the muscles.
Pathophysiology
Uncontrollable abnormal discharges of electrochemical energy
Carried by neurons
Unwanted electrical discharges occur
Controlled body parts contract erratically
Dysfunctional ranges of incapacitation
Cause unconsciousness
Involuntary convulsive body movements
Risk factors
Cerebrovascular disorder
Head injuries
Congenital malformation
Classification types
Petit mal epilepsy
Generalised epilepsy
Partial seizures
Complex Partial seizures
Causes
Trauma
CNS Congenital defects
Metabolism inborn errors
Infections; meningitis
Brain tumours
Hyperpyrexia
Vascular lesions
Acidosis
Hypoxia
Electrolyte imbalance
Clinical manifestations
Prolonged convulsive movements
Loss of consciousness
Seizure classification location
Finger, hand, whole body shake
Mouth jerking involuntarily
Talking unintentionally
Dizziness
Blankness of expression
Falling or self injure
Biting of tongue
Seizures spreads from one part of the body to the other
Incontinent of urine and stool
Breathing noisily
Diagnostic findings
Development history taking
MRI scan
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Video recordings
Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)
Nursing care plan
Prevent injury
Place patient on a colt bed
Reduce fear of seizures
Improve copying mechanisms
Provide essential health education
Put patient on a side position
Observe duration and specific features of the seizure
Document observational findings
Pharmacological Management
Carbamazepine
Succinimides
Valproic
Primidone
Barbiturates
Phenytoin