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Conditions of the inner ear (Labyrinthitis (Clinical Manifestations…
Conditions of the inner ear
Motion Sickness
Definition
Motion sickness is a disturbance of equilibrium caused by a constant motion for an example it can occur aboard a ship or while riding a swing
Clinical Manifestations
Nausea
Vomiting
Pallor
Sweating
Drooling
Short breath
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Nursing Management
Over-the-counter antihistamines used to treat vertigo such as dimenhydrinate or meclizine hydrochloride provide some relief
Anticholinergic medications such as scopolamine patches may be helpful
Maintaining fluid balance
Administration of anti-emetics as prescribed ,to reduce nausea and vomiting
Encourage patient to take medication as prescribed
Encourage patient to eat small,frequent meals
Pathophysiology
Includes both inner ear stimulation by body movement especially a cariolis-type stimulus and optokinetic stimulation due to the shift of the surrounding fields
Medical management
Antimuscarinics (scopolamine)
Antihistamines such as dimenhydrinate
Involuntary nervous system blocker
Labyrinthitis
Definition
Inflammation of the inner ear ,can be bacterial or viral in origin, bacterial labyrinthitis usually occurs as a complication of otitis media.The infection can enter the inner ear by penetrating the membranes of the oval or round windows.
Viral labyrinthitis is a disorder which affects hearing and balance ,causes mumps ,rubella,rubeola and influenza
Causes
Viral infections of the inner ear
Respiratory illnesses such as bronchitis
Bacterial infections
Infectious organisms
Clinical Manifestations
Nausea
Vomiting
Subsequent attacks
Hearing loss
Spinning sensation
Tinnitus
Management
Over-the-counter antihistamines such as fexofenadine and diphenhydramine
Antivert to reduce dizziness and nausea
Clarinex
Fluid replacement and intravenous antibiotic therapy
Nursing interventions
Administer medication and instruct patient about the possible side effects
Administration of antiemics medication as prescribed ,to reduce nausea and vomiting
Encourage the patient to sit down when feeling dizzy,place a pillow on each side of head to restrict movement
Encourage patient to discuss anxieties
Provide information about the condition to reduce fear and anxiety
Provide comfort measures and avoid stress-producing activities, stressful situations may exacerbate symptoms of the condition
Diagnostic findings
Physical examination (neurological evaluation)
Hearing tests
Electroencephalogram