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Elderly/Male/Stomach cancer, recently had feeding tube placed in…

- - - - Forms bolus
      - Filiform papillae
    - - Produce saliva
        
        Amylase
        
        Breaks down starch
      - Parotid
      - Submandibular
      - Sublingual
    - - Mastication
        
        Grinds down food
      - Incisors
      - Canines
      - Premolars
      - Molars
  - - - Delivers chyme to small intestine
    - - Parietal cells
        
        Hydrochloric acid
        
        Denatures protein
        
        Activates Pepsin
        
        Enzymatic digestion of proteins
        
        Breaks down plant cell wall
        
        Kills bacteria
      - Chief cells
        
        Secrete pepsinogen
      - Enteroendocrine cells
        
        Secrete chemical messengers
    - - Needed to absorb vitamin B-12
        
        B-12 necessary for RBC to mature
        
        -
    - - Secretes HCI
    - - Triggered by aroma, taste, sight, thought
      - Stimulated by vagus nerve
    - - Gastric juice relese
      - Stimulated by distension, peptides, low acidity
    - - Stimulated by partially digested food entering small intestine
  - - - Bile Salts
        
        Fat emulsification, absorption
      - Bilirubin
        
        Pigmented formed from heme
  - - - Watery, alkaline solution
        
        Neutralizes acidic chyme
      - Digestive enzymes
        
        Proteases
        
        Breaks down proteins
        
        Amylase
        
        Breaks down carbohydrates
        
        Lipases
        
        Breaks down lipids
        
        Nucleases
        
        Breaks down nucleic acids
  - - - Force chyme to slowly spiral through lumen
        
        Allows time for absorption
    - - Lacteal for absorption
    - - Brush border enzyme
        
        Final digestion of proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids
    - - Peyer's patches
        
        Located in mucosa of ileum extend into submucosa
  - - - First part of large intestine
    - - Part of MALT
      - Bacterial storehouse capable of recolonizing gut
    - - Ascending
      - Transverse
      - Descending
      - Sigmoid
    - - 3 rectal valves
    - - 2 sphincters
      - Opens to the outside of the body at anus