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Female suffering severe malnutrition (Way nutrients are absorbed in the…
Female suffering severe malnutrition
3 main types of macromolecules, vitamins, minerals, and water
Macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Vitamins
Water soluble
Vitamin C
B vitamins
Fat soluble
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Essential/non-essential vitamins
Minerals
Major minerals
Calcium
Chloride
Magnesium
Phosphorus
Potassium
Sodium
Sulfur
Trace minerals
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Fluoride
Iodine
Iron
Manganese
Molybdenum
Selenium
Zinc
Water
Way nutrients are absorbed in the body
Carbohydrates
Salivary amylase
Break down into monosaccharides
Lipids
Small intestines
Triglycerides broken down into fatty acids and glycerol
Lipase
Proteins
Small intestines
Microvilli
Protease
Pepsin
Trypsin
Minerals
GI Tract to storage
Vitamins
Small intestines
Bloodstream
Water
Small intestines
RDA for healthy diet and why
What your body requires nutritionally to function
Adult RDA
Vitamin B1
1.1-1.2 mg
Vitamin B2
1.1-1.3 mg
Vitamin B3
14-16 mg
Vitamin B6
1.3-1.7 mg
Vitamin B12
2.4 mg
Biotin
0.03-0.10 mg
Folic acid
400 mg
Vitamin C
75-90 mg
Vitamin A
700-900 mg
Vitamin D
15 mg
Vitamin E
15 mg
Vitamin K
90-120 mg
Calcium
1000-1300 mg
Chloride
2399 mg
Magnesium
310-420 mg
Phosphorus
700 mg
Potassium
4700 mg
Sodium
<2300 mg
Sulfur
unknown
Chromium
0.05-0.25 mg
Cobalt
unknown
Copper
900 mg
Fluoride
1.5-4.0 mg
Iodine
0.15 mg
Iron
8-18 mg
Manganese
2.5-5.0 mg
Molybdenum
0.005-0.25 mg
Selenium
55 mg
Zinc
8-11 mg
How nutrients are required for other body systems
Muscular
Nutrients needed to build ATP
Nutrients stimulate muscle contraction/relaxation
Cardiac
Nutrients needed for healthy blood flow
Healthy blood flow required for functional pulmonary and systemic circulation
Endocrine
Nutrients stimulate hormone secretion
Nervous
B vitamins essential for normal functioning of the brain and nervous system
Nutrients notify the brain to take action
Urinary
Nutrients required for filtration, reabsorption, and secretion of urine
Nutrients reabsorbed in the PCT then further has their own transport proteins
She has limited herself to a minimal meal plan that contains almost no essential nutrients. She thinks that she is fixing the problem by taking out more foods the sicker she gets. If you are malnutrition-ed to this point, when you eat whole foods again your body will not know how to react and you might feel sick. That is your body getting used to being fed again. With these eating habits, you will continue to become frail and weaken until her bones start to easily fracture and she cannot keep any food down. She might believe in limiting her body but, her body will fight back and require those essential nutrients it is missing out on.
A balanced meal will re-establish homeostasis. To get her back on track, I would recommend taking a once daily vitamin pill so her body can start to replenish those areas that are in desperate need. Her body will continue to weaken and "eat itself" until she provides it with what it needs. This positive feedback loop will continue to pull the body away from its equilibrium until a common denominator (unhealthy diet) is changed. Until then the body will remain unstable, searching for nutrients.