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Protein Synthesis (KEY TERMS: (Universal code of 3 base codons that…
Protein Synthesis
TYPES OF RNA:
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MESSENGERS RNA (mRNA) - type of RNA which copies genetic instructions from DNA in the nucleus and carries to ribosomes in cytoplasm
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KEY TERMS:
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CODON - group of 3 nitrogen bases codons that encode for a word of the genetic code and stands for an amino acid, start or stop.
TRANSCRIPTION - process in which genetic instructions in DNA are copied to form a complementary strand of mRNA
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CENTRAL DOGMA OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY - doctrine that genetic instructions in DNA are copied by RNA which is then carried to ribosome used to synthesize protein
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS - process in which cells makes proteins that include transcriptions of DNA and translation of mRNA
GENETIC CODE - universal code of three base codons that encode the genetic instructions for amino acids/ protein sequence.
TRANSCRIPTION:
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mRNA- used as guide tRNA- material workers, carries anticodon complementary to the codon on mRNA
When anticodon on tRNA joins to the mRNA codon, tRNA passes a amino acids ribosome keeps building protein until stop codon is reached
TRANSCRIPTION - process of making mRNA complementary to DNA template
- RNA polymerase binds to the end of the coding region called pomoter
- Elongation after unwinding, RNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to the new budding nRNA strand
- Termination - the completed pre- mRNA strand detaches from DNA strand.