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An elderly patient with stomach cancer had a feeding tube inserted into…

- - - - organs
        
        fall into two groups
        
        alimentary canal (GI tract)
        
        mouth
        
        pharynx
        
        esophagus
        
        stomach
        
        small and large intestine
        
        anus
        
        accessory digestive organs
        
        teeth
        
        tongue
        
        gallbladder
      - secretions
        
        small intestine
        
        goblet cells
        
        secrete mucus
        
        enteroendocrine cells
        
        source of enterogastrones
        
        paneth cells
        
        secrete antimicrobial agents
        
        defensins
        
        lysozome
        
        stomach
        
        chief cell
        
        secretes pepsinogen
        
        enteroendocrine cell
        
        secretes hormones
        
        and paracrines
        
        parietal cell
        
        secretes HCI
        
        and intrinsic factor
        
        colon
        
        goblet cells
        
        secrete mucus
  - - - pharynx and esophagus
        
        allows passage of food, fluids, and air
      - stomach
        
        secretes acid and enzymes that digest food
      - mouth
        
        chewing breaks the food into pieces while saliva mixes and begins breaking food down
      - small intestine
        
        almost all digestion and absorption of nutrients and minerals from food takes place
      - large intestine
        
        absorbs water from the remaining indigestible food matter
      - anus
        
        allows feces and gas to exit the body
      - gallbladder
        
        store and concentrate bile
      - teeth
        
        aids in breaking down and grinding food
      - tongue
        
        vital for chewing and swallowing food
  - - - lipids
      - proteins
      - carbohydrates
      - nucleic acids
  - - - pancreatic amylase
      - brush border enzymes
    - - begins in stomach when pepsinogen is converted to pepsin
      - brush border enzymes
    - - emulsification: triglycerides and their breakdown products are insoluble in water
      - digestion: pancreatic lipases break down fat into free fatty acids and monoglycerides
    - - pancreatic nucleases hydrolyze nucleic acid to nucleotide monomers
      - brush border enzymes break nucleotides down into free nitrogenous bases, pentose sugars, and phosphate ions